產婦哺餵法之初步探討

A Pilot Study on Feeding Methods of the Obstetric Patients

夏萍絅(P. H. Hsia)

《Journal of Medical Sciences》 1卷1期 (1975/01) Pp. 71-84

摘要

關於哺餵之問題，往日婦女多數皆自行哺乳，醫學上亦認為母乳有益於嬰兒之生長發育。但據文獻報導，英、美等國，餵母奶之人數有日愈減少之趨勢。我國婦女親自為嬰兒授乳之人數究竟如何？是否亦如歐美之同樣在減少中？究竟那些因素促成婦女不願親自為嬰兒授乳？不失為趣味性之醫學論題。本調查報告係得自對榮民總醫院及三軍總醫院之二百五十名產婦之訪問調查，經分析歸納結果如下：一、產婦們對哺餵方式雖有不同之觀念，但多數認為母乳具有不少優點，認為人奶容易消化，為使嬰兒獲益願親自授乳者，佔百分之六十二點二十四，而更有百分之五十點六之產婦認為餵母奶是省時方便而經濟之餵奶法。二、產婦對育嬰常識缺乏認識，百分之四十二的產婦由母親或婆婆傳授其餵奶方法。三、多數產婦產後必須繼續工作，以致無法親自授乳此點被認為是產婦以牛奶哺餵嬰兒之主要理由。在授乳之產婦中，也以工作為藉口而提早斷奶。四、在一百四十二名產婦中，有九十人於產後第三天感覺乳房嚴重脹痛，佔百分之六十三點三十八，故就生理學之觀點言，產婦宜儘早令嬰兒吸奶，方可使乳汁分泌，減少母親乳房之脹痛。

並列摘要

In previous generations, most women breast fed their babies, and the medical professionals believed that there were great advantages in breast feeding.Review of the literature found that the incidence of breast feeding has been declined in western countries. Is there any change in this country? Will breast feeding become a charming relic of the past? What are the factors that have influenced the incidence of breast feeding? Is it wise for the nurse to further investigate and explore these problems?This study is based on the survey of 250 obstetric patients who were admitted to Tri-Service General Hospital and Veterans General Hospital during the months of June and July 1974. The records of these patients are analyzed as follows:1. The opinions of the patients on infant feeding are various, although most women believe that human milk has significant advantages over the cow's milk. 62.24% of the mothers deem that the human milk is easily digested by the infant's stomach. 50.6% of the mothers considered that breast feeding is more convenient and less expensive.2. The aforementioned opinions of the patients had been mostly obtained from their mothers or mothers-in-law.3. 42% of the cases nurse their babies using the traditional way.4. The main reason for the mothers do not nurse their babies is their jobs.5. Among 142 cases, 63.38% complained of breast engorgement at the third day postpartum. These mothers need help and support to alleviate their discomfort.