兒童的概念範圍之研究

Variation in Children's Concepts by Category and Age

陳淑美(Shoo-May Chen)

《教育心理學報》 11期 (1978/06) Pp. 105-112

https://doi.org/10.6251/BEP.19781201.8

摘要

本研究採自由囘憶法以幼稚園大班和小學二年級兒童爲對象，探討貯存在長期語意記憶中的十一項概念的內容和特色。研究結果顯示，兒童的概念範圍以動物類最大最明確，傢具類最小最不確定，其間九類則依顏色、水果、玩具、衣着、花、昆虫、交通工具、職業、蔬菜的順序遞減。兒童概念範四的大小和組織的成份隨年齡的增長而改變，小學組比幼稚園組表現較多的反應數口，年齡差異顯著。幼稚園組比小學組表現史強烈圍繞一個核心反應的傾向。

並列摘要

The composition of 11 natural language categories (animals, clothes, colors, flowers, fruit, furniture, insects, toies, vegetables, jobs, vehicles) in recall from long-term semantic memory at 2 ages (6 and 8 years) was analysed. Considerable variation among the categories in size and composition was found in this study. The average number of responses in each category was extremely variable, from 3.136 for furniture to 10.83 for animals. There was significant difference between two age groups. The size difference is related to the increasing articulation and hierarchization of categories by lice older children.