青少年男女學生社會認知與歸因方式之關係

The Relationship Between Moral Judgment and Attribution for Male and Female Adolescences

吳鐵雄(Tieh-Hsiung Wu)

《教育心理學報》 15期 (1982/06) Pp. 149-165

https://doi.org/10.6251/BEP.19820601.11

摘要

本研究的目的是在探討歸因傾向與道德判斷之關係，並同時了解此兩變數與個體其他特質變數的關係，受試者為324位國中一年級和357位高中一年級學生，共681人。其中男生335人，女生346人，分别取自臺灣地區學校。
本研究對於歸因之記分係以「人」為基礎，分别考慮個體在成功及失敗事件之歸因傾向。結果發現約有百分之八十至九十的受試者傾向於內制歸因。在成功時，高中學生此國中學生更傾向內制，男女性别則沒有差别。在失敗時，國中女生比高中女生傾向內制，而在高中學生中，男生亦比女生具有此種傾向。在內制組學生中，女生比男生傾向將成功歸因於努力的結果，但在失敗事件中，則產生性别與年級的交互作用。高中學生的道德判斷能力亦比國中學生為高。就國中與高中一年級學生而言，道德判斷與歸因傾向却沒有顯著關係。

並列摘要

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between attribution and moral judgment, and the relationship between these two variables and the subjects' grade and sex. The subjects were 324 first year students of junior high school and 357 first year students of senior high schools. There were 335 males and 346 females, total of 681 students.
The results indicates that: (1)about 8096 to 90% of the subjects to be internally controlled; (2) in success events, the senior high students are more internally controlled than the junior high students are; (3) in failure events, the junior high females and senior high males have higher intenal scores than senior high females do; (4) among the internal group, females tend to attribute success to effort more than males do, but there is an interaction between sex and grade in failure events; (5) senior high students' moral judgment score is higher than that of junior high students; (6) there is no significant relationship between attribution and moral judgment.