不同師生關係學生在自我表露及生理回饋情境中GSR和EKG活動的比較

A Study of GSR and EKG Activities in Self-Disclosure and Bio-Feedback Situations of Undergraduates with Different Teacher-Student Relationship

林清山(Chen-Shan Lin)

《教育心理學報》 16期 (1983/12) Pp. 37-46

https://doi.org/10.6251/BEP.19831201.3

摘要

本研究假定師生關係欠佳的學生乃是社會化程度較差的學生。首先，實驗者以自編的「師生關係評定量表」為工具，選取36名大一和大二學生，分為「師生關係欠佳組」和「師生關係良好組」，每組18名，參加實驗，以考驗「師生關係欠佳組在被要求自我表露的情況下，其GSR和EKG活動較師生關係良好組為小」之假設。實驗結果顯示：此項假設未能獲得支持。故亦無法支持Waid（1976）所提「社會化程度較差的受試者，在物理刺激及某些社會壓力情境下，所顯現的皮膚電導反應要比社會化程度高的受試者所顯現者為小」的理論。
其次,實驗者透過示波器螢光幕為師生關係欠佳組學生提供GSR活動的生理囘饋，幫助其對自己內部狀態之覺察，藉以考驗「為師生關係欠佳組提供GSR生理囘饋後，師生關係欠佳組與關係良好組的GSR或EKG活動原有之差異會減少或消失」的假設。實驗結果顯示：此一假設亦未能獲得支持。Cleckley（1964）所主張「低社會化的人乃是因為對壓力所產生的生理激發狀態不足所造成」之理論，無法自本研究獲得有利的佐證。

並列摘要

The first part of this study tested Waid(1976)'s hypothesis that poorlysocialized subjects give smaller skin conductance responses under stressorsthan their more highly socialized counterparts. Thirty-six undergraduateswere selected as subjects,by using Teacher-Student Relationship Scale(TSRS),and were divided into two groups, named as ”Poor TSR Group” and ”Good TSR Group”. Their EKG and GSR were recorded under ”Self-Disclosure Session” in which each subject was asked to disclose his personalinformation. Data obtained were analysed by MANOCOVA. No significantdifference was found between Poor TSR Group and Good TSR Group. ThusWaid's hypothesis was not supported.
Cleckley(1964)'s theory that ”poorly socialized behavior develops as theresult of insufficient physiological arousal in response to stress” was testedin the second part of this study. Each subject of Poor TSR Group wasexposed to his own GSR waves during Bio-feedback Session by looking atthe oscilloscope. No bio-feedback information was offered to the subjects ofGood TSR Group. It was pedicted that the difference existed betweenthese two groups, which was expected in the the first study, would disappearafter bio-feedback treatment.However, statistical data did notevidence this prediction.Thus, Cleckley's theory was also not supported. The differences between the findings of the present study and those of theprevious ones were discussed.