我國大學生心理需求轉變的賡續研究

A Follow-Up Study on the Psychological Needs of Chinese University Students

黃堅厚(Chien-Hou Hwang)

《教育心理學報》 22期 (1989/05) Pp. 1-21

https://doi.org/10.6251/BEP.19890601.1

摘要

本研究應用艾德華斯個人興趣量表(EPPS)，在師範大學實施，以所得結果與民國五十二年及民國六十四年以同一量表在師大學生取得之資料進行比較。發現在此24年間，我國大學生之心理需求，有明顯的轉變。在EPPS所測量的15項需求中，大學生在成就、順從、秩序、慈愛、堅毅等需求上，有明顯降低的傾向；而在另一方面：表現、自主、變異、愛戀、省察等需求，則有明顯增加的傾向。在近12年內，支配與攻擊需求略呈降低現象，求援需求稍有增加。至於謙遜及親和需求二者，則未呈現有意義的轉變。
本研究中部分受試者曾同時接受EPPS的強迫選擇式和單題評定式兩種量表，惟所獲資料未能肯定指出何種形式較佳。

並列摘要

This is the third study this author made on the psychological needs of Chinese students by using EPPS. Subjects were 486 students drawn from National Taiwan Normal University. The results were compared with those of two previous studies in 1963 and 1975 by this author with the same instrument. Data obtained indicated that after twenty four years, there was a significant decline on the needs of achievement, deference, order, nurturance, and endurance while there was an increase on exhibition, autonomy, change, heterosexuality and introspection. Between 1975 and 1987, the need of Chinese university students on dominance and aggression were decreasing and their need on succorance was increasing while the need on abasement and affiliation did not show any significant change. Among those subjects, 325 were administrated both the forced choice form and the single item Likert rating scale of EPPS. Nothing could be said in regard to the question that which was the better form of the EPPS as a personality test.