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Chinese Wives' Perceptions of Their Life in the USA During the Period of Their Husbands' Doctoral Study

留美博士妻子對伴讀生涯的知覺與回顧

摘要


經年有無數妻子陪伴丈夫負笈新大陸,留學生初到異國常面臨各式挑戰,而其妻子带著轉嫁的人生目標,成为法定的依附者,會面臨怎樣的問題?她们如何適應這段時間的居留?哪些因素影響適應過程?她们有怎樣的獨特經驗?當丈夫即将或已完成學位時,她们怎樣評估這些經驗?这一連串的問題向来鲜少为研究者所注意,本研究試圖從這角落進行試探性與前導性的開發。本研究使用質性分析法,五位留美中國籍博士或候選人的妻子應邀做深度訪談。受訪者的特徵:初以眷屬身分赴美•年龄跨距31~37歲,居美時間已3.5~5.5年,曾受良好教育,已育子女,婚姻關係基礎良好,夫已得博士學位或至少已通過論文大綱口試。研究結果分由两大部份陳述,第一部分顯示居留期適應的模式以及因時間而顯出不同的階段特色;在初始階段有两種適應型態的區别,三位有如度蜜月的感受,另两位卻覺得日子難過;其後受訪人大致共有了以下三階段的經驗:掙扎探索期,具體奮斗期,重新定位期。第二部份顯示適應過程中特定因素及個别事件的影響,例如:工作遭遇,孩子的出生,重返校门,夫妻情感,丈夫的負荷與學位完成等。在此過程她们大體經歷了人際隔離及諸多不順。但奮斗的成果顯示:財務寛解,能力增加,成就感與自信、自尊都相對提高。在丈夫即将或已完成學位之際,她们亦有必须與時俱進、不斷成长之自覺。本研究指出個人的心理状態與環境適應互相影響;特别是重返校门對妻子的目標感、自我價値感以及婚姻的良性互動有相當正面的作用,亦兼論附從角色之不利於妻子的生涯發展。本研究建議留學生研习營能把妻子納入做行前輔導,在地國的學校與相關機構能提供外籍生妻子語言訓練及生活環境輔導,以利於妻子的適應。

並列摘要


The purposes of the study were threefold:(1)to construct the Chinese version of”Career Decision-making Difficulties Inventory;”(2)to investigate the career-relatedproblems encountered by college students;and(3)to test a classification system forcareer decision difficulties for college students.Four hundred and sixty-seven collegestudents completed the Career Decision-making Difficulties Questionnaire.Data obtainedwas analyzed by Chi-square,ANOVA,factor analysis,and ADDTREE.The resultsindicated the significant differences between decided and undecided students on theirperceptions of career difficulties.The three-group classification system for careerdecision difficulties was generally speaking supported by the data in this study.

參考文獻


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