父母管教方式與兒童非理性信念、A型行為組型之相關研究

A Study on the Relationships among Children's Irrational Beliefs, Type A Behavior Pattern and Their Perception of Parenting Styles

賴正珮(Jam-Peie Lai) ； 陳慶福(Ching-Fu Chen)

《教育心理學報》 38卷4期 (2007/06) Pp. 443-460

https://doi.org/10.6251/BEP.20070121

摘要

本研究旨在探討父母管教方式與兒童非理性信念、A型行為組型之關係。由於國內尚欠缺適合評量兒童非理性信念之工具，研究者乃依研究需要，參考理性－情緒－行為治療(Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy, REBT)創始人Ellis之相關著作、國內外理性－情緒－行為治療之相關文獻及實徵研究，編製「兒童生活信念量表」。本研究使用問卷調查法，以國小四年級及六年級兒童為對象，依縣市人口比例進行分層抽樣共取得794份有效問卷進行分析。研究結果發現：（一）不同父母管教方式的兒童在非理性信念傾向上有所不同，其中以母親影響較顯著；（二）在「忽視冷漠」父母管教方式下的兒童，其A型行為之「努力競爭與成就」得分最低；（三）兒童非理性信念與A型行為中的「時間緊迫感」及「攻擊性與敵意」有顯著正相關，而其「努力競爭與成就」傾向則與「逃避困難」有顯著負相關；（四）兒童非理性信念中的「不當情緒」對於其「時間緊迫感」及「攻擊性與敵意」有最高預測力；而兒童之「父親反應」則對其「努力競爭與成就」有最高之預測力。本研究依據研究之發現，對兒童親職教育、輔導工作與未來研究上提出具體建議。

關鍵字

父母管教方式 ； 兒童非理性信念 ； A型行為組型

並列摘要

The purpose of this research was to examine the correlation between different parenting styles, irrational beliefs and Type A behavior pattern. Due to a lack of suitable research measures in this country in assessing children's irrational beliefs, we consulted the works of Albert Ellis' Rational-Emotive-Behavioral Therapy (REBT) and other literature both domestic and aboard and developed a Scale of Irrational Beliefs. Fourth and sixth graders were surveyed using the Parenting Style and Degree of Satisfaction Scale, the Child Life Beliefs Scale and the Child Type A Behavior Scale. Based on valid data from 794 participants, the important findings were as follows: (a) Children with different maternal parenting styles and paternal parenting styles had different irrational beliefs, with the mothers influence being stronger; (b) Children with neglectful parenting style scored lowest on the item of Diligent Competition and Achievement; (c) Children's irrational beliefs had positive correlation with their Time Sense of Urgency and Aggressiveness and Hostility in Type A behavior pattern; Diligent Competition and Achievement in Type A behavior pattern had negative correlation with Avoids Difficulty in irrational beliefs; (d) Mood Disorders in irrational belief was most predictive of Time Sense of Urgency and Aggressiveness and Hostility in Type A behavior pattern; Father Response in parenting style was most predictive of Diligent Competition and Achievement in Type A behavior pattern. These research results may be useful to future studies on parenting education and children's counseling.

並列關鍵字

parenting styles ； irrational beliefs ； Type A behavior pattern

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