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Prevalence and Characteristics of the Metabolic Syndrome in Chinese Hypertensive Patients: A Hospital-Based Observation

華人高血壓病患中代謝症候群的盛行率與臨床特徵

摘要


Background: Hypertension is the key component of the metabolic syndrome (MS). Insulin resistance is regarded as the underlying pathophysiological basis of the clustering metabolic abnormalities associated with the MS. However, some antihypertensive agents may influence the insulin resistant state and the propensity for the development of type 2 diabetes. Therefore, it is clinically important to determine the relationships between hypertension and other features of the MS. In this study, we aimed to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of the MS in Chinese hypertensive patients. Methods and Results: Four-hundred and twenty-six patients, 210 men and 216 women, taking antihypertensive agents to control blood pressure were analyzed according to the modified Adult Treatment Panel Ⅲ criteria for the MS. The mean age was 65 years (25-95 years). The prevalence of the MS was 47.9%. There was a trend toward female predominance in the prevalence of the MS (52.3% vs 43.3%, p=0.064). Moreover, women had a significantly higher MS score (2.8±1.2 vs 2.4±1.2, p=0.002). The prevalence of abdominal obesity was significantly higher in women than in men (74.1% vs 50.0%, p<0.001). The prevalence of high triglycerides, low high-density liporprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and high fasting blood sugar or treated diabetes was similar in both sexes. There were no differences in serum levels of creatinine, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and non-HDL-C, left ventricular mass, and the rate of proteinuria between patients with and without the MS. In female patients, those with the MS had higher serum uric acid levels than those without the MS (6.5±2.2 vs 5.6±1.1mg/dL, p=0.011). This difference was shown as a trend but not statistically significant in male patients (7.1±2.0 vs 6.6±1.7mg/dL, p=0.187). Conclusions: The MS was highly prevalent in Chinese hypertensive patients, especially in females. However, large-scale prospective studies are needed to verify these viewpoints.

並列摘要


Background: Hypertension is the key component of the metabolic syndrome (MS). Insulin resistance is regarded as the underlying pathophysiological basis of the clustering metabolic abnormalities associated with the MS. However, some antihypertensive agents may influence the insulin resistant state and the propensity for the development of type 2 diabetes. Therefore, it is clinically important to determine the relationships between hypertension and other features of the MS. In this study, we aimed to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of the MS in Chinese hypertensive patients. Methods and Results: Four-hundred and twenty-six patients, 210 men and 216 women, taking antihypertensive agents to control blood pressure were analyzed according to the modified Adult Treatment Panel Ⅲ criteria for the MS. The mean age was 65 years (25-95 years). The prevalence of the MS was 47.9%. There was a trend toward female predominance in the prevalence of the MS (52.3% vs 43.3%, p=0.064). Moreover, women had a significantly higher MS score (2.8±1.2 vs 2.4±1.2, p=0.002). The prevalence of abdominal obesity was significantly higher in women than in men (74.1% vs 50.0%, p<0.001). The prevalence of high triglycerides, low high-density liporprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and high fasting blood sugar or treated diabetes was similar in both sexes. There were no differences in serum levels of creatinine, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and non-HDL-C, left ventricular mass, and the rate of proteinuria between patients with and without the MS. In female patients, those with the MS had higher serum uric acid levels than those without the MS (6.5±2.2 vs 5.6±1.1mg/dL, p=0.011). This difference was shown as a trend but not statistically significant in male patients (7.1±2.0 vs 6.6±1.7mg/dL, p=0.187). Conclusions: The MS was highly prevalent in Chinese hypertensive patients, especially in females. However, large-scale prospective studies are needed to verify these viewpoints.

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