愛滋病毒(HIV)感染者飲食營養知識及相關因素

Diet/Nutrition Knowledge of Persons with HIV Infection and Its Related Factors

蘭淑貞(Shu-Jan J Lan)

《中華民國營養學會雜誌》 26卷2期 (2001/06) Pp. 129-139

https://doi.org/10.6691/JCNS.200106_26(2).0007

摘要

本研究目的為探討愛滋病毒（HIV）感染者飲食營養知識（K），瞭解K主要來源，是否閱讀過衛生署飲食營養單張，並探討HIV感染者特質與K之關係。對象主要來自性病防治所愛滋病門診病患。共146人於民86年10月至87年1月填答問卷。分析後結果如下：閩南人佔51％，男性佔98％，平均年齡31.6±7.9歲。平均身高與體重為170.0±5.7公分與63.9±9公斤。大專畢業者佔50 % 。信仰宗教67％。未婚82％。獨居23％。無工作13％。經濟很差或尚可31％。健康狀況為差/很差8％。自認體型很胖/胖21％ ，體型瘦/很瘦24％。飲食營養資訊主要來源：報章雜誌61％，電視廣播39％。讀過「國民飲食指標」、「每日飲食指南」與「每日各種營養素建議攝取量」為5％、4％與10％。平均感染時間29.47±37.8個月。對性傾向：同性戀62％，異性戀25％，雙性戀2％。感染原因：性行為84％。飲食營養K得分平均19.5±5.2分，得分率65％，不及格 33％。年齡與K有邊緣關係（χ2＝5.78，P = 0.05）。影響K的因素依順序為飲食營養態度、宗教、飲食營養行為與經濟狀況，共解釋K變異量的15％。

關鍵字

愛滋病毒(HIV)感染者 ； 特徵 ； 飲食營養知識 ； 因素

並列摘要

The main purpose of the study was to understand the diet/nutrition knowledge CONK) of persons with HIV infection. A questionnaire was developed to collect the necessary data for the study. Information requested included basic demographic data, sources of ON information, scales of DNKAP (knowledge, attitude and practices). After pretest and content validity measures, the questionnaire was modified for use in data collection. Data were collected from October 1997 to January 31, 1998. A total of 146 subjects participated the study. The majority of the subjects were male (98%)。 The duration of HIV infection ranged from 0.1 month to 10 years with average of 29. 47 ± 37.80 months. The mean scores of DNFK was 19.45 ± 5.22 points (pts) (full score is 30 pts), the overall score rate was 65%. One out of three was below 60%. The major source of DNF was from newspapers and magazines, followed by TV and radio broadcasting, friends and relatives, health professionals such as dietitians, doctors and nurses. According to chi-square tests, among the selected characteristics for persons with HIV infection, only age had a borderline relationship with DNFK. When analyzed with general linear model (GLM) with least square means (LSM), none had a relationship with DNFK. However, The stepwise multivariate regression analyses showed that DNA, religion, DNP and economic status contributed 15% of the variance in DNK.

並列關鍵字

HIV infection ； characteristics ； nutrition knowledge ； related factors