遊戲設施與技術性遊戲行為之關係研究

本研究的目的在於了解兒童對於遊戲設施使用的狀況，進而探討兒童在不同遊戲設施下所發生的遊戲類型，以及兒童遊戲場中不同類型遊具與其發生技術性遊戲行為之關係。研究方法上本研究採用非參與式的觀察法，針對四項在遊戲場中受到兒童偏好度高，卻也常衍發遊戲場意外的遊戲設施：鞦韆、滑梯、蹺蹺板與攀爬架等進行調查。透過先驅研究的過程，將遊具的遊戲行為分類為規範性、弱型技術性、中型技術性與強型技術性四類，並依據遊具安全評值來做為遊具抽樣的條件，選取中型鞦韆、滑梯、蹺蹺板與攀爬架各3座（安全性高、中、低），共有12座分配在5個公園內遊戲場的遊具，來觀察遊具上各類遊戲行為發生的比率分配。研究的結果有以下發現：1.經由卡方檢定發現，除了鞦韆之外，滑梯、蹺蹺板與攀爬架上，遊具類型安全性不同，遊具上所發生的技術性遊戲行為的比率分配，並沒有顯著的差異。2.遊戲場中各類遊戲行為發生的比率分配，會受到性別與年齡差異的影響而有顯著差異。

關鍵字

兒童遊戲；技術性遊戲行為；遊戲設施

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to investigate how children utilize playground equipments. The relationships between playground equipment and children's technical play behavior were also been analyzed in this study. A non-participation observation technique was employed to investigate playground behavior of children in neighborhood parks. Four playground facilities including swings, slides, seesaws, and jungle gyms were selected because they are children's favorites. Moreover, many playground accidents had also been ascribed to these four playground facilities. In the light of pioneer studies, behaviors occurring on playground equipments were classified into four categories: normative, weakly technical, middle technical, and highly technical. Based on the safety of playground equipment, 12 playground equipments were sampled. They include 3 middle swings (high safety, middle safety and low safety), 3 slides, 3 seesaws, and 3 jungle gyms, which are located in five parks. The respective proportions of playground behaviors associated with 12 equipments are inventoried. The result showed as follows: 1. Through the statistical result of observation data, it is concluded that there is not enough evidence to prove that, except for swing, the types of playground equipment can significantly influence the proportion of technical play behaviors. 2. Gender and age significantly influence the respective proportions of occurrence of the different categories of playground behaviors.

並列關鍵字

children play ； technical play behavior ； playground equipment

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