Shortage of librarians is the biggest management challenge for university libraries in Taiwan. University libraries require librarians to continuously improve their skills to keep up with the changing academic environment and to meet customers' needs. Using structural equation modeling (SEM), this study examines the relationship between job satisfaction and job performance at facet level for university librarians in Taiwan. Results indicated that job satisfaction is positively related to job performance. Findings also indicated that job autonomy moderates this relationship. The study also used competing statistical models and difference analysis. Finally, the study provides management recommendations for the librarianship profession.