啟蒙思潮下的蒙古族出版文化：1918年至1944年

蒙古族出版事業始於13世紀，經過幾百年的艱難歷程，到19世紀迎來了其成長期。民國時期是蒙古族出版史上一個輝煌的時期。1918年到1944年間，以北京、張家口、厚和、奉天、新京、開魯為出版基地，相繼誕生了十幾家現代意義上的蒙古族出版機構。民國時期的蒙古族出版機構是當時蒙古族啟蒙思潮的產物。北京蒙文書社、東蒙書局、開魯蒙文學會等出版機構的誕生解構了蒙古社會傳統文化內部結構，對蒙古族文化史帶來了極其深遠的影響。他們在當時人力財力極度匱乏的情况下克服困難，收集古籍文獻、出版現代圖書、主辦各種雜誌、編寫蒙文教材、創辦各級學校，為蒙古地區文化的普及、思想的開明、社會的進步做出了巨大的貢獻。

關鍵字

啟蒙思潮；蒙古族出版；出版文化；知識份子；知識傳播

並列摘要

Mongolian publishing industry has started in the 13th century, after hundreds years of good efforts, the industry has entered the stage of growth since 19th century. The development of Mongolian publishing had a glorious time in the period of Republican. During 1918 to 1944, more than ten modern Mongolian publishing houses had been well established, in which located at Beijing, Zhangjiakou, Houhe, Fengjing, Xinjing and Kailu. The Mongolian publishing houses in the Republican period were regarded as the products of Mongolian Enlightenment Thought. The appearance of these publishing houses, such as Beijing Mongolian Publishing Company, Eastern Mongolian Publishing Company, Kai Lu Mongolian Association and so on, have destructed the inner construction of Mongolian traditional culture, and brought far-reaching effects on the history of Mongolian culture. There were many excellent publishing houses in the period. They have overcome the severe shortage of money and manpower, collected the rare and antiquarian books, published and edited modern books/magazines, compiled Mongolian textbooks, as well as established many schools, which have made great contributions to the popularization of culture in Mongolian area, the broaden of the modern thought, and the progress of the society.