潛水員之脊髓減壓症

Spinal Dysbarism of Divers

黃英修(Ing-Shiou Hwang)

《中華民國物理治療學會雜誌》 15卷 (1990/09) Pp. 46-53

https://doi.org/10.29616/JPTAROC.199009.0007

摘要

脊髓減壓症(spinal dysbarism)是出現於潛水員的一種中樞神經系統傷害，病人會有程度不同的四肢麻痺或下肢麻痺；造成傷害的原因是潛水減壓後溶解於組織血管內的氮氣氣泡釋放所引起，由於脊髓硬膜上腔靜脈系統(epidural vertebral venous system)特殊之構造及生理，使氣泡特別容易栓塞造成病變。臨床上主要之治療以高壓氣治療為主，愈早之治療有愈好之預後，未完全復原的病人必須接受妥善的復健，以適應日常生活、回復工作，所以落實潛水衛生教育更是刻不容緩，可以減少不必要的意外發生。

關鍵字

脊髓減壓症 ； 高壓氧治療 ； 復健

並列摘要

Spinal dysbarism is an accident caused by nitrogen bubble affecting the spinal cord of divers. Paraplegia or quadriplegia may occur as a result of those miseries. Once careless divers ascend to surface too quickly, nitrogen bubble will obstruct fatty tissue in the spinal cord directly or occlude epidural vertebral venous system (EVVS) via periphral tissue and blood vessel. Peculiarity of EVVS in anatomy and physiology contributes to nitrogen bubble easily accumulated, and relative cardiopulmonary reaction aggravate obstruction accordingly. Most of the manisfestations appear within 24 hrs, and patient might experience sensory impairment, pain, weakness, paralysis, incontinence, etc. Main therapy depend on hyperbaric oxygen therapy for recompression. The earlier the hyperbaric oxygen therapy given, the better prognosis of patients will be. In spite of recompression therapy, rehabilitation is also important for educating and training patients. Prompt diving hygiene should be emphasized to prevent unnecessary accident.

並列關鍵字

Spinal dysbarism ； Hyperbaric oxygen therapy ； Rehabilitation