The author compared the evolution of physical therapy education in the U.S. and those in the Republic of China. Information on entry-level and advanced education in physical therapy was also presented. Physical therapy education is influenced by the demand of more effective therapy. The author discussed the need of a problem-solving oriented curriculum. The critical problems of physical therapy education in the R.O.C. were identified. They are: a shortage of academic and clinical faculty, a shortage of clinical education sites and lack of integration of liberal arts and professional courses. The author proposed specific solution to the problems.