網路人際互動特質與依戀型態對網路成癮的影響

The Influence of Attachment Style and Internet Interpersonal Interactions on Internet Addiction

林以正(Yi-Cheng Lin) ； 王澄華(Chen-Hua Wang) ； 吳佳煇(Chia-Huei Wu)

《中華心理學刊》 47卷3期 (2005/09) Pp. 289-309

https://doi.org/10.6129/CJP.2005.4703.06

摘要

過去的許多研究顯示，網路人際互動是形成網路成癮的機制之一。網路上的人際互動具有高親密度、高自我揭露程度等高去抑制化行為，以及高不確定感的特性。而此一互動特性，在三種成人依戀型態中，以焦慮依戀者的人際互動模式與之最為接近，因此我們推論焦慮依戀者會因為受到網路人際互動的吸引，而在所有的依戀型態中表現出較高的網路成癮傾向。本研究共包含兩個研究，研究一主要在探討不同依戀型態者是否具有不同的網路成癮傾向，並了解網路人際互動行為在網路成癮的形成上所扮演的角色。研究二則是針對網路人際互動行為進行更詳細的論述，透過網路互動對象以及網路他人概念此二方面，來了解網路人際互動行為對網路成癮的影響為何。研究結果顯示，不同依戀類型者在網路上會具有不同的網路人際互動行為，並且進而影響不同依戀類型在網路成癮傾向上的表現。此外，本研究結果也支持網路成癮是個人特質與網路環境特性交互而成的想法，並且也再次的顯示網路人際互動確實是中介網路成癮的原因之一，尤其在焦慮依戀型態上更是如此。

關鍵字

網路成癮 ； 依戀型態 ； 網路人際互動

並列摘要

The literature has indicated that interpersonal interactions on the net play a major role in the process of internet addiction. These interpersonal interactions show a distinctive pattern of disinhibition characterized by high intimacy, high self-disclosure, and high uncertainty. This pattern is most compatible with the internal working model of the ambivalent attachment style. Thus, we predicted that ambivalent people would be induced to display more disinhibitive interpersonal behaviors and in turn, have stronger internet addiction than the other two attachment styles. Two studies were conducted to test these hypotheses. The first study confirmed our hypothesis that ambivalent tendency was more predictive of internet addiction than the other two attachment tendencies. Furthermore, the interpersonal interactions on the net partially mediated the relationship between ambivalent tendency and internet addiction. We refined our categorization of internet interpersonal interactions in study two to improve our measurement. We further developed a new measure of internet interpersonal perception based on the theory of internal working model. Study two replicated the major findings obtained in study one, that is, ambivalent tendency significantly predicted internet addiction. Moreover, the relationship between ambivalent tendency and internet addiction was completely mediated by internet interpersonal interactions. The results supported our arguments that personality characteristics and internet behaviors reciprocally influence internet addiction, either one only shows a single side of the story. Also, it is important to point out that interpersonal interaction is a major pathway to internet addiction, especially for ambivalent people. Consequently, the therapeutic implication would not be to block them from getting online but rather, to regulate their interpersonal behaviors on the net.

並列關鍵字

internet addiction ； attachment style ； internet interpersonal interaction

參考文獻

陳淑惠、翁儷禎、蘇逸人、吳和懋、楊品鳳(2003)。中文網路成癮量表之編製與心理計量特性研究。中華心理學刊。45，279-294。

Ainsworth, M. D. S.,Blehar, M. C.,Waters, E.,Walls, S.(1978).Patterns of attachment: A psychological study of the strange situation.Hillsdale, NJ:Erlbaum.

Armstrong, L.,Phillips, J. G.,Saling, L. L.(2000).International Journal of Human-Computer Studies.

Baron, R. M.,Kenny, D. A.(1986).Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.

Bowlby, J.(1979).The making and breaking of affectional bonds.London:Tavistock.