壓電式半主動隔震系統於設備防震之應用

Seismic Protection of Equipment Using Piezoelectric Semi-Active Isolation System

盧煉元(Lyan-Ywan Lu) ； 陳乙震(Yi-Zhen Chen) ； 林錦隆(Ging-Long Lin) ； 劉永田(Yung-Tien Liu)

《中國土木水利工程學刊》 22卷1期 (2010/03) Pp. 65-83

https://doi.org/10.6652/JoCICHE.201003_22(1).0006

摘要

隔震技術可用以保護重要設備，避免其於烈震中傾倒或因加速度過大而損壞。唯，近年文獻資料亦顯示，傳統隔震系統在豐含長週期特性之強震作用下（例如：近斷層震波），易造成支承位移過大，危及隔震物體安全之缺點。為提升隔震系統之減震效能與安全，本文乃利用壓電材料剛性高、頻率響應快、低耗能之特性，提出壓電式半主動隔震系統之構想。該隔震系統包含一組低摩擦之滑動隔震平台與一壓電式可變摩擦阻尼器，其中滑動隔震平台係用以減緩上傳地震力，而該可變式摩擦阻尼器則用以提供隔震系統一可控之消能機制。經由控制阻尼器內壓電致動器之驅動電壓，即可即時地調控阻尼器之滑動摩擦力，以便於隔震系統位移過大時，抑制隔震支承之位移量，同時亦可避免產生過大之上傳加速度。本文採用數值分析方法以評估該隔震系統之可行性，並比較其與被動及主動隔震系統之減震效果。為使模擬結果具有真實性，本文乃以實驗方法取得模擬時最重要之壓電致動力參數值。研究結果顯示，配合適當之控制律，本文隔震系統在具有長週期特性之近斷層震波作用下，可同時抑制隔震位移與設備加速度反應，且其減震效益與主動隔震系統相當。

關鍵字

壓電材料 ； 半主動控制 ； 摩擦阻尼器 ； 隔震消能 ； 智慧型系統

並列摘要

Base isolation technology may be used for seismic protection of equipment in critical buildings. However, recent studies have revealed that a conventional passive isolation system may induce an excessive base displacement when subjected to a near-fault earthquake with strong long-period components. In order to enhance the efficiency and safety of seismic isolation for equipment in near-fault areas, a semi-active isolation system (SAIS) that consists of a sliding platform and a piezoelectric variable friction damper is proposed in this study. The slip force of the variable friction damper is adjusted by an embedded piezoelectric actuator according to a control law and the system response. The piezoelectric actuator was chosen as the control device, because of its low-energy consumption, short responding time and compact size. The seismic response of the SAIS system subjected to near-fault earthquakes was simulated numerically in this study. In addition, its isolation performance was also evaluated and compared with the performance of a passive and an active isolation system. The results of these comparisons are discussed in this study. The simulation result demonstrates that the SAIS system can prevent the excessive displacement and acceleration response of equipment induced by long-period pulse components of near-fault earthquakes.

並列關鍵字

piezoelectric material ； semi-active control ； friction damper ； seismic isolation ； smart system ； equipment protection ； nearfault earthquakes