以構架含填充磚牆試驗檢核現行磚牆構件耐震行為之評估方法

由過去地震勘災經驗顯示，低矮型加強磚造或鋼筋混凝土造填充磚牆建築物之耐震能力堪慮。此類建築物除有隔間需求，需配置四面圍束之磚牆作為隔間牆，另基於採光、通風及進出之使用性需求，需配置大量門窗，因而形成柱兩側含三面圍束之磚翼牆；因此評估此類建築物之耐震能力，需適當考量磚牆之耐震行為。既有建築物耐震能力評估方法有初步評估及詳細評估，其中簡易側推分析為耐震詳細評估工具之一。目前建築物耐震初評方法採用底層豎向構材之單位面積強度來估算耐震容量，例如四面圍束磚牆之單位面積側向強度為3 kgf/cm^2，三面圍束磚翼牆則為2 kgf/cm^2；而耐震詳細評估則採用各類構件之側向強度與變形的背骨模型，能更精確的模擬構件行為。為探討既有評估方法及磚牆評估模型之合理性，本文以4座四面圍束磚牆構架試驗及7座三面圍束磚翼牆試驗成果進行驗證。經比較以初步評估及簡易側推分析得到試體極限剪力強度較試驗值保守，而以初步評估及簡易側推分析得到試體正規化基本耐震性能皆較試驗值保守，故國內耐震評估方法及磚牆評估模型尚屬合理，不會使工程師將耐震能力不足之建築物誤判為合格。

關鍵字

四面圍束磚牆；三面圍束磚翼牆；耐震評估；初步評估；簡易側推分析

並列摘要

Reconnaissance experience on the past earthquakes indicates that the seismic resistance of a low-rise confined masonry building or reinforced concrete (RC) building with brick infill in Taiwan is insufficient, such as school buildings and street houses. These building is occupied with windows and doors openings along the corridor direction for utilization of lighting and ventilation. However, brick infill walls are arranged in the direction perpendicular to corridor between the each adjacent classroom. Therefore, the seismic behavior on the two directions of a school building is significantly affected by the brick infill. The seismic assessment models of brick infill, such as the preliminary evaluation and seismic detailed assessment, will be discussed in this paper. For the preliminary evaluation, the seismic capacity of a typical school building can be calculated by the lateral strength per unit section area of vertical members in the ground floor. The lateral strength per unit section area of a brick infill confined on four sides by RC frame, for instance, is 3 kgf/cm^2. Meanwhile, that of a brick wall pier confined on three sides by RC frame is 2 kgf/cm^2. However, for the seismic detailed assessment, the backbone curve model of a vertical member is applied for accurate simulation of the member behavior. Four tests of RC frames with brick infill and seven tests of RC columns with brick wall pier are adopted to verify on the two categories of the existing seismic assessment models of brick infill. Comparison of testing and predicting results, the ultimate base shear strength predicted by preliminary evaluation and detailed assessment is conservative to that by tests. Meanwhile, the basic seismic resistance predicted by both assessment methods is also conservative. Therefore, engineers will not make a miscarriage of evaluation for existing building with insufficient seismic resistance.

並列關鍵字

brick infill ； wall piers ； seismic detailed assessment ； preliminary evaluation ； simplified pushover analysis

國際替代計量

以構架含填充磚牆試驗檢核現行磚牆構件耐震行為之評估方法

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