大腸直腸癌的分子生物學及訊息傳遞路徑

Molecular Biology and Signal Pathway of Colorectal Cancer

林鵬展(Peng-Chan Lin) ； 李政昌(Jenq-Chang Lee)

《中華民國癌症醫學會雜誌》 24卷3期 (2008/06) Pp. 157-166

https://doi.org/10.6588/JCOS.2008.24.3.3

摘要

大腸直腸癌是台灣癌症相關發生率及死亡率的第三大原因。從腺瘤演變至腺癌的大腸直腸癌症發展序列模型已被發現。從分子生物學的觀點來看，大腸直腸癌的基因變化結合了致癌基因的活化，腫瘤抑制基因的缺失，癌症基因突變及轉變。然而，由早期癌症到轉移的驅動進展機制目前研究並不清楚。在這篇文章中，我們將討論大腸直腸癌的基因變化包括APC基因，錯誤修護基因，K-ras，P53基因，染色體甲基化等許多基因。另一方面，我們也會報告數種已知的大腸直腸癌的癌症訊息傳遞路徑。我們將討論六個不同的大腸直腸癌訊息傳遞路徑，包括Wnt路徑，TGF-beta 路徑，K-RAS/β-RAF路徑，LKB路徑，Notch/bHLH路徑及Hedgehog訊息傳遞路徑等。

關鍵字

大腸直腸癌 ； 分子生物學 ； 訊息傳遞路徑 ； 癌症遺傳學

並列摘要

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading causes of cancer-related morbidity and mortality in Taiwan. The model of adenoma-carcinoma sequence of tumor progression has been developed. From molecular biology perspective, CRC integrate oncogene activation, tumor-suppressor genes inactivation, gene mutations and alterations. However, the mechanisms driving progression from early carcinomas to metastasis is not well studied. We will discuss many genes including APC gene, mismatch repair gene, K-ras, P53 gene, DNA methylation and so on in this article. On the other hand, several signal pathways of colorectal cancer have also been reported. We will also discuss six different signaling pathways in colorectal cancer development including Wnt signaling pathways, TGF-beta signaling pathways, K-RAS/β-RAF signaling pathways, LKB signaling pathways, Notch/bHLH signaling pathways, Hedgehog signaling pathways and so on.

並列關鍵字

colorectal cancer ； molecular biology ； signal pathways ； cancer genetics