由占筮轉向哲理的變革－以《彖傳》的卦爻獨立與解釋空間的拓展為中心

Transformation from Divination to Philosophy-Focusing on the Independence of Hexagram/Hexagram Lines (Guayao) and the Expansion of the Interpretation Space in the Commentary on the Judgement

鄭炳碩(Byung-Seok JUNG)

《哲學與文化》 49卷4期 (2022/04) Pp. 83-96

摘要

《彖傳》對《易經》的主要解釋方法是，將六十四卦分為上下二體，以卦象、卦德解釋卦名與卦辭，而且把構成各卦的六爻分解為個別獨立，表達出它們之間互相關係，即把當位、中、相應、承、乘等的爻位關係納入於解釋規範。《彖傳》通過這種解釋體系，為《周易》的卦爻象賦予了抽象的象徵意義，引進非常廣泛、富有彈性的詮釋空間，在此基礎上注入多種哲學性觀點，使《周易》一書轉變為完全不同層次的經典。八卦的卦象、卦德與爻位關係相結合，進入於義理解釋之中，從六十四卦內部開始擴展哲學的解釋，終於跳脫卦畫和占筮的聯繫，從內容和性質上可以體現了《周易》的哲學性質。

關鍵字

《彖傳》 ； 卦爻的獨立 ； 二體 ； 爻位 ； 哲學的解釋空間

並列摘要

The main method of interpretation of I Ching in the Commentary on the Judgement is to divide 64 hexagram into two trigrams and interpret the name and the sentence of hexagram using the characteristics and images of trigrams, in addition, the six lines constituting each hexagram are independently decomposed, and the relationship between the positions of hexagram lines, such as right position, mean, riding correspondence, supersede, and carry, is included in the interpretation norm. Through this interpretation system, Commentary on the Judgement gave abstract symbolic meaning to the hexagrams and trigrams of the I Ching, introduced a very wide and flexible interpretation space, and transformed the book of I Ching into a completely different level of scripture. The relationship between the characteristics and images of trigrams, and the positions of hexagram lines combined to enter the philosophical interpretation, and the philosophical interpretation was expanded from the inside of the 64 hexagrams, finally it deviated from the link between strokes of hexagram and divination by showing the philosophical character of the I Ching in content and nature.

並列關鍵字

Commentary on the Judgement ； Independence of Hexagram and Hexagram Lines ； Two Body ； Positions of Hexagram Line ； Philosophical Interpretation Space

參考文獻

程頤，《伊川易傳》，臺北：漢京文化公司，1983。

朱熹，《周易本義》，臺北：五洲出版社，1983。

今井宇三郎，《新釋漢文大系》23，《易經》，東京：明治書院，1964。

公田連太郎述，《易經講話》一，東京：明德出版社，1960。

戶田豐三郎，《易經注釋史綱》，東京，風間書房：1968。