從環境認知的觀點探討「鄰避」設施的再利用

The Transformation of NIMBYs: An Environmental Cognition Perspective

李永展(Yung-Jan Lee) ； 陳柏廷(Ber-Tin Chen)

《國立台灣大學建築與城鄉研究學報》 8期 (1996/06) Pp. 53-65

https://doi.org/10.6154/JBP.1996.8.004

摘要

在公共設施的項目中，除了圖書館、學校、公園等一般性的設施外，有一些設施的設置雖對社會全體的福祉有所助益，但卻對設施附近產生負面的影響，也往往引發民眾的抗爭，例如垃圾掩埋場、核能發電廠等，這些設施即為本文所要探討的「鄰避」（NIMBY，Not-In-My-Back-Yard）設施。由於「鄰避」設施的設置有其必要性，但地方居民的反對與抗爭，也使得設施的設置有許多阻力，而欲消弭此種反對的聲浪，首先就必須了解民眾的心態與其對「鄰避」設施的認知。故本文從環境認知的觀點，提出將兩種「鄰避」設施（福德坑垃圾掩埋場及富德公墓）合併再利用的構想，並以問卷設計的手段建構不同的情境，分別進行居民的問卷調查，以探求在不同情境中受訪者態度的變化，同時輔以地方意見領袖及行政主管官員的訪談，最後根據問卷實證及訪談的結果提出「鄰避」設施合併再利用之建議。

並列摘要

Among public facilities, such as libraries, schools, and markets, which are well known to the public, there are others that, when sited, will result in the opposition and resistance from surrounding residents. These are called NIMBY (Not-In- My-Back-Yard) facilities which include funeral parlors, cemeteries, landfills, nuclear power plants, etc.The Fu-Te-Keng Sanitary Landfill of Taipei was closed in June 1994. The reuse of the closed landfill area becomes a controversial issue. In this paper, we propose that the closed site, in combination with another NIMBY facility nearby, be redesigned as a cemetery park, and propose two alternatives of such combination. Through the analysis of relevant literature and case studies, questionnaires were issued to nearby residents. In addition, interviews with local key informants and government officials were also undertaken. Based on these analyses, conclusion and suggestions of this paper are described in the last section of this paper.