Molecular and Genetic Approaches to Cancer Therapy

Georgii P. Georgiev ； I-Hung Pan

《Journal of Genetics and Molecular Biology》 11卷1期 (2000/03) Pp. 41-42

https://doi.org/10.30047/JGMB.200003.0007

並列摘要

Now cancer is the main cause of death all over the world. The same tendency is also observed in Taiwan. In 1998, leading causes of death from cancer in Taiwan area is shown in Table 1.
The reason for this increase may be due to longevity, air pollution and changes of environment et al. At the early stage of cancer, nearly no signs can be found, then it is quite impossible to be diagnosed. In any way early diagnosis and operation are the best way of cancer treatment. The other therapeutic methods are reported as following. But combined approaches may be the best.
1)To attack frequently activated oncogene/oncoprotein pharmacology (Ras, Tyr-PK), antisense oligonucleotides.
2)Activation of tumor suppressor genes (p53,p16 et al.), induction of apoptosis:
transfection (shooting, liposomes, immunoliposomes), introduction with viruses (retro, adeno, AAV), novel apoptotic factors (apoptin et al.), use of specific promoters.
3)Inhibition of tumor angiogenesis: polypeptides (angiostatin, endostatin) etc.
4)Gene vaccinotherapy: IL-2,IL-4,GM-CSF, Tag7, combination of cytokines with other factors (B7 et al.).
5)Peptide vaccination : use of aduvants, loading with strong antigen, addressed transfer to macrophages.
6)Addressed transfer of toxins and radioisotopes: antibodies, mini-antibodies, two-stage transfer, growth factors (EGF, AFP), addressed transfer to the cytoplasm and nucleus.
7)Destruction of cells by tumor-specific adenoviruses (for example, by viruses depending on normal p53)
8)Telomerase inhibition: pharmacology (reverse transcriptase inhibitors), antisense RNA.
9)Immunomodulators
10)Combined approaches