流量管制雛型系統之建立與測試

Preliminary Development and Testing of a Flow Control System

戴佐敏(Melody D. M. Dai) ； 張淳智(Cheng-Chih Chang) ； 劉仲祥(Jong-Shyang Liou)

《運輸計劃季刊》 33卷1期 (2004/03) Pp. 115-147

https://doi.org/10.6402/TPJ.200403.0115

摘要

本研究根據國內特性，針對流量管制系統進行規劃，建立一即時流量管制系統雛形，此系統可預測及顯示松山、小港、馬公機場未來二小時內之航機離到場架次與機場容量，預測的時段乃根據台灣地區國內航線之飛行時間，將之訂為二個小時。此系統包含四個資料庫及五個模組，資料庫分別為靜態飛航資料庫、動態飛航資料庫、飛行時間資料庫、機場容量資料庫，模組則包括資料解讀系統、動態流量預測、機場容量預測、相關機場之離場班機時間間隔以及人機介面。本研究利用由台北區域管制中心實際錄回之電報資料，對本系統進行測試。其結果顯示，若輸入資料正確，本系統之運作效率良好，然而，電報輸入資料偶有不確實或錯誤產生，對於台灣地區航程短之飛行環境而言，將造成相當大之誤差，影響所及甚至無法以輸入資料進行精確的控制。因此未來若欲進行流量管理，如何取得即時且精確之飛航資料，尤其是起飛前之航機資訊，將是一重要課題。因此未來航機離場許可若採資料鏈結方式，或許將可局部改善此一問題。此外本研究建議發展一系統模擬模式對相關機場之離場班機時間間隔進行進一步之探討。另可就本研究所建立之流量管制系統進一步發展，以提供航空公司進行實際班機調度及制定班表之用。

關鍵字

即時流量管理 ； 空中交通管制 ； 人機介面

並列摘要

This study tries to develop an on-line flow control preliminary system for the Taiwan CAA (Civil Aeronautics Administration). This system can predict and display the estimated flight arrivals and departures in selected airports and the associated available airport capacities during the next two hours. The two-hour time window is determined based on the flight time duration of domestic flights in Taiwan. This system includes four databases and five modules: (1) static flow distribution database, (2) dynamic flow distribution database, (3) flight times database, (4) capacities database, (5) input, (6) flow estimation, (7) available capacities estimation, (8) suggested departure time intervals for each associated airport, and (9) user interface. This system has gone through a thorough field test. The results show that the overall system performs quite well with good quality of input data. However the available input data is not precise enough and makes it difficult to conduct tight control. This problem is especially acute in Taiwan due to its short domestic flight times. A flow control system is still needed in the future, thus how to obtain real time and accurate flight data especially for preflight information will be an important task. If pre-departure clearance is via datalink, it may be helpful for improving the data quality partially. Due to the constraints of the real world, it is suggested to develop a simulation model for further evaluating the performance of departure sequencing algorithm. This system could be extended to provide information for the airline to make decisions regarding real time flight dispatching and scheduling.

並列關鍵字

On-line flow management ； Air traffic control ； User interface

參考文獻

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