The aim of this paper is to explore how the spatial cognition affects an individual pedestrian's route choice behavior. The empirical study is conducted in the Shi-Men pedestrian mall in Taipei city and the strctural equation model (S.E.M) is used to obtain the relationship between individual spatial cognition and route choice behavior. the result shows that spatial cognition is the main factor affecting the individual pedestrian route choice. Spatial cognition includes two parts: one is wayfinding and the other is local environmental information cognition.