荷蘭人統治下赤嵌市街的空間規劃

蟄伏西太平洋邊陲，福爾摩莎原本沉寂，荷蘭人的殖民活動開啓了它三百八十年的發展脈絡。在這個歷史脈絡中，赤嵌市街的開發是一個重要的里程碑，因為它是台灣本島聚落開發的先河，也是古都台南的前身；只是，至今人們對它的認知還是停留在粗淺的歷史地名印象，而不瞭解它的具體位置與空間形象。本文嘗試著在這一方面提供一些改善。鑑於赤嵌市街是荷蘭人規劃的，本文將從中古世紀至17世紀中葉荷蘭的市鎮開發經驗開始，來說明類似聚落的空間特色，以為比對。接著，我們運用赤嵌在荷蘭時代與清代的相關圖說與記載作為佐證，來找尋這個港埠市街的空間位址。然後，我們會利用光緒初年的台灣府城街道全圖，來嘗試找回這個市街的空間脈絡。由於近代都市計劃的施行，赤嵌市街的原貌已消逝在都會市區之中，人們難以具體體驗，透過這項復原的嘗試，我們希望這一座遺軼多年的聚落能夠為人們所重新認識、瞭解。

關鍵字

台灣；荷蘭殖民；赤嵌聚落；空間規劃

並列摘要

Laid on the western boundary of the Pacific Ocean, Formosa was an unknown island, until the Dutch colonization opened up its 380 yearlong development. In this development the growth of Saccam settlement plays a very important role, because it is the first planed settlement on Formosa and the urban origin of Tainan, the historical capital of the island. Saccam settlement is usually mentioned in many historical documents and essays but no one has told us where and what it was. Through this study we would like to make some improvements in this situation. Our topic begins with a general discussion about the making of Dutch settlement with similar form from the Middle-Ages to the first half of 17th century. We will make a comparative analysis between the old maps from the Dutch age as well as from the Ching age to find the location of this historical settlement. Finally the street map of Taiwan-Fu from the year 1875 will be used as a source to reconstruct the spatial framework of this old settlement. Due to the evolution of urban planning and construction, the Saccam settlement has gradually disappeared in an urbanized city. People have no idea of it. Through this study we hope that we can restore the situation and find it back.