文化景觀保存與城鄉發展之研究－以英國世界文化遺產巴那文工業地景為例

Research on the Conservation of Cultural Landscape during Urban Development-A Case Study of the World Heritage Cultural Landscape: Blaenavon Industrial Landscape in the United Kingdom

林曉薇(Hsiao-Wei Lin)

《都市與計劃》 35卷3期 (2008/09) Pp. 205-225

https://doi.org/10.6128/CP.35.3.205

摘要

台灣近年來加強推動文化資產相關之建設及法令，以行政院文化建設委員會（以下簡稱文建會）爲首引導之「社區總體營造」、「地方文化館」及「閒置空間再利用」等，引發中央、地方政府及民營機關對所擁有文化資產之關注及清查，更引起對古蹟、歷史建築及產業建築等之再利用趨勢，這些案例正逐步改變台灣許多城鄉文化地景之風貌及使用狀況。94年2月5日公佈之新版文化資產保存法更進一步正式將「文化景觀」明訂爲文化資產之重要項目，文化資產保存之範疇更擴大由點狀之古蹟及歷史建物等到區域性之保存概念。然而在如何認定「文化景觀」之保存範疇、標準及活化再利用上仍有執行機制及相關法令不足之窘境，另外亦常面對阻礙城鄉發展之爭議。本研究以英國世界遺產（文化景觀）之一，威爾斯地區的巴那文工業地景爲對象，透過文獻分析、案例研究及實地訪談，說明以文化景觀登錄之巴那文工業地景的保存歷程及再生特色，探討其對台灣目前「文化景觀」執行機制之可供借鏡之處，本文包括五個部分，首先在前言說明台灣之「文化景觀」保存及推動現況，繼而說明「文化景觀」之文獻回顧及研究方法，接著針對英國巴那文工業地景之保存歷程及再生特色進行案例探討，並進一步探討「文化景觀」之保存及再利用對城鄉發展之影響，最後在結語提出巴那文工業地景對台灣之文化景觀保存及再利用的啟發。

關鍵字

文化景觀 ； 工業地景 ； 文化資產保存 ； 再利用 ； 都市發展

並列摘要

Taiwan has recently been progressively promoting the regulations regarding the conservation of cultural heritage in these years. The Council for Cultural Affairs (C.C.A.) of Taiwan has proposed the concepts of ”Community Empowerment”, ”Local Community Museum” and ”Reuse of Desered Space” and so on, provoking a broad survey of the cultural assets of various public and privately owned properties. Furthermore, the tendency to reuse cultural heritage is gradually altering the landscape of the urban and rural landscapes. In 2005, the renewed the Cultural Heritage Preservation Act listed the 'Cultural Landscape' as a major category of cultural assets. However, since this is a diverse, complex, and relatively new field in Taiwan, difficulties and conflicts exit in identifying the conservation boundary, criteria and reuse in terms of operation systems and regulations. Additionally, frequent debate exits regarding whether the cultural landscape conservation would slow urban development. By elaborating of the policy, operation, conservation and management related to the World Heritage Site and Cultural Landscape, Blaenavon Industrial Landscape in Wales, U.K., this study aims to analyze the characteristics of cultural landscape conservation and regeneration. Hopefully, the understanding gained from this study can enhance the operation of the Taiwanese cultural landscape by presenting appropriate information, interpretation and methods of management. This study comprises five parts: (1)introduction on the development of cultural landscape in Taiwan; (2)the definition and conservation of cultural landscape; (3)case study of the conservation process and regeneration of the Bleanavon Industrial Landscape; (4)the influence of the cultural landscape conservation on urban development; and, (5)conclusion of the Inspiration provided by the Bleanavon industrial Landscape for the conservation and reuse of cultural landscape in Taiwan.

並列關鍵字

Cultural landscape ； Industrial landscape ； Conservation of cultural asset ； Reuse ； Urban development

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