福爾摩沙高速公路北部路段建設前後沿線地區人口空間分佈變遷之研究

Population Spatial Distribution Change along Formosa Freeway of Northern Taiwan

白仁德(Jen-Te Pai)

《都市與計劃》 36卷1期 (2009/03) Pp. 5-23

https://doi.org/10.6128/CP.36.1.5

摘要

福爾摩沙高速公路北部路段自1993年開始通車；1997年全線通車以來，車行交通量逐年增加，已成爲北部區域發展的主要交通動脈，其沿線地區經過之各縣市及鄉鎮的人口成長及空間分佈情形，相對於其他地區的發展有顯著差異，明顯可見因福爾摩沙高速公路所帶來可及性改變的而造成之影響。有鑑於此，本文運用地理資訊系統(GIS)結合歷年戶口普查資料，以「里」爲最小空間分析單位，探討福爾摩沙高速公路北部路段建設前後，沿線地區人口空間分佈的變化，進行事前事後比較的空間分析工作，並應用迴歸分析建立空間影響模型，以驗證並說明各項影響效應。研究結果發現此一位於北部區域之重要公路建設計畫，在台灣地區人口朝向北部極化集中上產生「催化效應(catalysis effect)」；對台北都會區人口聚居的擴散分布上出現遞遠遞減的「時間落差效應(time-lag effect)」；於距交流道距離的人口密度分佈上則具有漸近遞增的「增強效應(enhancement effect)」，此些效應對人口於空間上作用的結果可資爲政策部門研擬重大交通建設計畫與人口政策之參考。

關鍵字

福爾摩沙高速公路 ； 人口空間分佈 ； 地理資訊系統

並列摘要

The northern part of Formosa Freeway has provided transport service since 1993, and its construction was completed in 1997. It has become the major aortic surface transportation channel of northern Taiwan, with rapid traffic growth every year. Towns and counties along the freeway obviously have different population growth and spatial distributional patterns from those elsewhere, especially due to improvements in accessibility resulting from proximity to the freeway. This study utilizes GIS, based on population census data at the level of neighborhood administration to perform spatial analysis of population growth and re-distribution resulting from the freeway. Several influential factors can be identified from this empirical study. A regression model is built to verify and describe the related spatial impacts. This model includes the ”catalysis effect” corresponding to population polarized development, the ”time-lag effect” corresponding to metropolitan dispersion in Taipei, and the ”enhancement effect” corresponding to the decay of distance to freeway interchange. The analytical results of this study can be applied to accurately predict population changes and make transportation policy.

並列關鍵字

Formosa freeway ； Population spatial distribution ； Geographic information system

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