Putchock (Saussurea costus) has long been grown in the vicinity of Kashmir. It is known by the Chinese as a cure for diarrhea-related symptoms. Radix China (Smilax china) is a herb grown in the hinterland of China which cures symptoms of skin ulceration. The radix China was carried from China to India, while the putchock was carried the other way around. They were carried by official traders belonging to Vietnam, Siam, Ryukyu, Java and so forth. Along with the expansion of European intervention in trans-oceanic trade from the 16th century onward, European chartered companies gradually replaced the Southeast Asian tributary traders and became the main carriers of these trades. In this article, the author collects incomplete quantitative data surviving in the archives of the Dutch East India Company (VOC) on those two herbs in China and India, in order to illustrate the concrete situation of this trans-Asian herbal exchange.