婚姻、家庭與生育倫理

Marriage, Family, and the Ethics of Procreation

葉明叡(Ming-Jui Yeh) ； 劉豐佾(Feng-Yi Liu)

《人口學刊》 61期 (2020/12) Pp. 141-149

https://doi.org/10.6191/JPS.202012_(61).0004

摘要

近期的人口學研究多已指出，臺灣生育率低落，主要因素乃為結婚率降低，而非已婚夫婦決定不生育所致。應對此問題之生育促進政策，可能基於兩種不同的倫理想像，分別是基於「婚姻—家庭」預設的「擁婚生育政策」及不需此預設的「非婚生育政策」。本文論證，「非婚生育政策」是較能夠降低生育障礙的倫理立場，它使生育更接近一種真正自由的選擇，讓更多想要生育但因為無法達成婚家門檻的人們選擇生育。

關鍵字

人口政策 ； 生育政策 ； 超低生育率 ； 應用倫理 ； 公共衛生倫理

並列摘要

Recent studies have shown that the low marriage rate, instead of the widely presumed unwillingness to procreate among married couples, is the major contributor to the low fertility rate in Taiwan. The policies addressing this issue may be grounded on two ethical imaginations, namely the ＂pro-marriage account,＂ with the assumption that marriage, the formation of family, and procreation should be bonded together, and the ＂non-marriage account,＂ without this assumption. This essay argues that the ＂non-marriage account＂ is an ethically preferable alternative, as it could make procreation a more genuine and autonomous choice, facilitating procreation by more people who would not otherwise overcome the marriage-family barriers under the ＂pro-marriage account.＂

並列關鍵字

population policy ； pro-natalist policy ； lowest-low fertility ； applied ethics ； public health ethics

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