從對立到共治：台中縣地方派系之轉變

From Confrontation to Cooperation: The Change of Local Factions in Taichung County

王業立(Yeh-Lih Wang) ； 蔡春木(Chun-Mu Tsai)

《政治科學論叢》 21期 (2004/09) Pp. 189-215

https://doi.org/10.6166/TJPS.21(189-215)

摘要

在台灣，派系政治對於地方政治生態影響甚鉅。在國民黨長期執政的一黨獨大時期，台中縣的紅、黑兩派相互對立、輪流執政的傳統，堪稱台灣地方政治「雙派系主義」的典型。而在地方政權出現政黨輪替後，台中縣地方派系之間的互動方式也產生本質上的轉變。
民國八十六年第十三屆縣長選舉由民進黨籍的廖永來入主縣政府之後，台中縣的地方政治生態即出現前所未有的重大轉變。雖然民進黨主掌縣政，不過縣議會仍由國民黨結合地方勢力而佔有絕對多數。自此以後，紅、黑兩派壁壘分明、相互對立的情形已漸不復見；代之而起的是地方派系與新興勢力之間錯綜複雜的合縱連橫關係。另一方面，縣議會中也出現愈來愈多的次級問政團體，使得府會之間的互動由過去單純的派系較勁逐漸轉變為政黨互動，以及更複雜的次級問政團體的涉入與競逐。而到了民國九十年十二月國民黨重掌執政權之後，國民黨執政下的「一致政府」所面對的府會關係顯然與過去民進黨執政期間所面對的「分立政府」又大不相同，而台中縣政也正式進入「紅黑共治」時代。
從「紅黑對立」到「紅黑共治」；從雙派系主導到次級團體勃興，台中縣的地方派系與府會關係近年來的確產生了巨大的轉變。本論文實地觀察並深入訪談台中縣地方派系、各政黨、媒體、以及府會相關人士，蒐集整理許多一手資料，提供欲了解台中縣地方政治生態，以及欲研究台灣地方派系變遷的各界人士參考。

關鍵字

台中縣 ； 地方派系 ； 次級問政團體 ； 府會關係

並列摘要

In Taiwan, local factions have enormous impacts on local politics. In the era of KMT's long-term one-party authoritarian rule, the ”Red” and ”Black” factions of the Taichung County stood in opposition of each other. It became a tradition for the two to take turn heading the county government. This tradition can be described as a classic example of ”bifactionalism” in Taiwan's local politics. After the change of ruling party began in local governments, the interactions between the local factions of Taichung County began to change substantively as well. After the DPP took over the county government subsequent to the 13th county commissioner election in 1997, major changes emerged in the local political ecology of the Taichung County. Although the DPP controlled the county government, in the county council the KMT, which had allied with the local factions, still enjoyed an absolute majority. Thereafter, the clear polarization between the ”Red” and ”Black” factions was gradually disappearing. What replaced it is a complicated web of intricate relationships between the local factions and the newly rising political factions. On the other hand, more sub-political groups began to appear in the county council, turning the interactions between county government and county council from the past inter-faction competition into a more complicated inter-party rivalry further confounded by the involvement and competition of sub political groups. By December of 2001 when the KMT came back into power in the county government, the ”unified government” under the KMT rule faced a relationship with the county council entirely different from the one faced by ”divided government” under the DPP rule. Henceforward, the Taichung County government formally entered the era of ”Red-Black joint governance.” From confrontation to cooperation, from bifactionalism to the rise of the sub-political groups, the relationship between the local factions and the county government and county council has indeed experienced some major changes.

並列關鍵字

taichung county ； local factions ； sub-political groups ； government-council relationship