鄉鎮市層級行政體系地理資訊系統發展的經驗分析－以台東市多目標地理資訊系統的發展為例

本論文的主要目的在探討如何在國內在鄉鎮層級的行政體系中，推廣地理資訊系統的觀念，並分享推動應用系統發展的經驗。國土資訊系統的發展已從初期九大資料庫的建置，到應用系統的規劃及示範區計畫的推動，到目前納入電子化政府的工作要項並列入未來數位台灣計畫中的重點工作。其中所顯示的發展歷程已從基本技術的發展提升到應用層面的推廣。而在這推動的過程中，也從中央部會基礎資料庫及應用系統的發展逐步落實到縣市層級的地形圖建置與配合行政作業需求之應用系統的發展。為能讓國土資訊系統的應用深入紮根，以解決地方政府的行政作業需求，並提升行政效率，實有必要思考並規劃如何在台灣最基礎鄉鎮市層級的行政體系中，推廣地理資訊系統的觀念與其應用。本研究便以協助台東市發展「台東市多目標地理資訊管理應用系統」的經驗為案例，針對鄉鎮市層級的地方政府在導入地理資訊系統的觀念與技術，以及在應用系統發展過程中所會面臨的障礙、課題與解決方式，做經驗分析，並提出未來國土資訊系統落實在鄉鎮市層級發展時的基本規劃。由本研究中可瞭解，地方政府首長的觀念與推動的意志，乃是鄉鎮市層級推動地理資訊系統的發展與應用最重要的成功要素。另專家學者適時且頻繁的與地方政府首長做觀念的溝通與發展方向的建議則是另一個推動的關鍵。第三個關鍵點則是發展地理資訊系統的應用中時，應從基層員工習慣領域的操作模式思考，充分將所發展的系統的與現有行政作業的資訊管理系統做適度的結合。而在鄉鎮市層級基本圖資普遍缺乏的狀況下，規劃如何整合現有之高解析度數位航照圖、中華電信之電子地圖及位址資料庫、以及地政單位之地籍圖等資料做為系統發展的基礎圖資，並讓基層員工熟悉資料的實質應用，則是推展鄉鎮市層級地理資訊系統觀念與應用的第四個關鍵要素。

關鍵字

國土資訊系統；電子化政府；數位台灣；地方政府；地理資訊系統

並列摘要

The main purpose of this paper is to discuss the methods of how to introduce the concepts of Geographic Information System (GIS) and to promote the development of GIS databases and applications to the very basic local government agencies, which are called Shan, Jeng and Shih in Taiwan. The development of National Geographic Information System (NGIS) in Taiwan has been divided into several stages. The first stage as focusing on establishing 9 categories of basic databases. The second stage as to promote GIS databases and application development in some selected demonstration cities. The third stage, which is the current stage, GIS is used in e-Government service development. In the future plan, GIS will be used for developing Digital Taiwan. In order to popularize the applications of GIS and to fit to e-Government development trend for better and efficient public service, it is necessary to introduce GIS concepts, databases, and applications to the very basic local government agencies. In this paper, the experiences and phenomena that had been learned and observed from the development of ”Multi-purpose Geographic Information Management and Application Systems of Taitung City” will be used for the aforementioned discussion. As concluded by our research, there are four key points for the success of developing GIS databases and applications in the very basic local government agencies. The first one is that you need a powerful leader amid chief coordinator (in our case is the Taitung city Mayor) with vision and basic understanding of GIS concepts, w ho has strong willingness to join and promote the GIS project. The second on is that you need a dependent professional expert who can be consulted amid interacted with the chief coordinator frequently and give appropriate suggestions during every stages of GIS application development. The third key point is that the habituate operation model of the staffs in public service should be considered and integrated into the development of GIS applications. In short the GIS applications should be combined with running Management Information System (MIS). Finally, even though in the condition of lacking appropriate basic databases, the substituted databases the will be used in GIS application development should be carefully choose. The databases should also be well organized amid introduced to the staffs in a workable level training program.