In the current study, we report on a chitosan matrix and its preparation. Various concentrations of chitosan solutions were titrated into a Tris-base coagulant solution with stirring to produce chitosan fibers. The spongy chitosan fiber matrixes were then collected using a freeze-drying process. We found that the fabricated fibers were composed of highly cross-linked bundle-shaped or patched reticular matrices. The spongy fiber matrix demonstrated appropriate structural stability in the absence of chemical cross-linking agents or weaving processes. Furthermore, the swelling ability was tunable, from 10- to 17-fold, by adjusting the concentration of chitosan solutions, the concentration of the coagulant solution, and/or the stirring speed. The procedure was simple and did not require the use of strong alkali, acid, or cross-linking agents. This matrix could improve the shape of simple chitosan fibers and increase their moisture retention and has the potential for applications in medical devices and cosmetic products.