嗅覺黏膜在鼻腔分佈

背景：傳統上嗅覺區被認爲主要位在嗅裂縫，但也有研究發現嗅覺黏膜也分佈在鼻腔的前部。因此本研究嘗試探討嗅覺黏膜在鼻腔的分佈。方法：收集接受功能隨內視鏡鼻竇手術治療的慢性鼻及鼻竇炎病患。如果病患主訴嗅覺功能完全喪夫或嗅覺功能喪失可能是因頭部外傷、上呼吸道感染或其他非慢性鼻及鼻竇炎原因造成也被排除在本研究之外。在接受手術時，每個病患隨機從下列5個位置之一取鼻黏膜送病理檢查。第一位置是在鼻中隔末端的最上方，第二位置是在篩板的後端，第三位置是上鼻甲的下半部，第四位置是在中鼻甲前端相對的鼻中隔最上方，第五位置是在中鼻甲前端連接到鼻腔外側壁的上方。取下的鼻黏膜放入福馬林溶液中送病理檢驗室。在病理檢驗室，標本經因定切片後，接受傳統hematoxylin和eosin染色以及免疫組織化學染色。結果：在30個鼻中隔末端最上方的標本中12個標本可看見有嗅覺黏膜，在30個篩板後端的標本中8個標本可看見有嗅覺黏膜，在30個上鼻甲下半部的標本中4個標本可看見有嗅覺黏膜，在30個中鼻甲前端相對的鼻中隔最上方的標本中7個標本可看見有嗅覺黏膜，在30個中鼻甲前端連接到鼻腔外側壁上方的標本中6個標本可看見有嗅覺黏膜。比較這5個位置發現嗅覺黏膜的比率，只有在鼻中隔末端最上方的標本發現嗅覺黏膜的比率顯著高於上鼻甲下半部的標本(p=0.020)。結論：我們的結果顯示嗅覺黏膜在鼻腔的分佈並不局限於嗅裂縫，在鼻中隔前上部甚至在鼻腔外側壁（中鼻甲前端上方）都可見嗅覺黏膜的分佈。

關鍵字

慢性鼻及鼻竇炎；分佈；免疫組織化學染色；嗅覺黏膜

並列摘要

BACKGROUND: Traditionally, olfactory area was assumed to locate in the olfactory cleft, but recently some studies also found olfactory mucosa in the anterior portion of nasal cavity. This study tried to investigate the distribution of olfactory mucosa in nasal cavity.METHOD: Patients with chronic rhinosinusitis who underwent functional endoscopic sinus surgery were collected in this study. If these patients complained of total loss of smell or olfactory dysfunction in these patients was caused by head trauma, upper respiratory infection or other non-rhinosinusitis retiologies, they were excluded. During surgery, nasal mucosa was randomly taken from 5 locations. The first place was from the posterior-superior nasal septum, the second was from the posterior part of cribriform plate, the third was from the inferior part of superior turbinate, the fourth was from the anterior-superior nasal septum, and the fifth was from the area just superior to the insertion of middle turbinate to the lateral nasal wall. The specimens were sent to the pathology laboratory for hematoxylin and eosion staining and immunohistochemical staining.RESULT: Olfactory mucosa was seen in 12 of 30 specimens from the posterior-superior nasal septum, in 8 of 30 ones from the posterior part of cribriform plate, in 4 of 30 ones from the inferior part of superior turbinate, in 7 of 30 ones from the anterior-superior nasal septum, and in 6 of 30 ones from the area just superior to the insertion of middle turbinate to the lateral nasal wall. As comparing the ratios of olfactory mucosa in specimens from 5 locations, a significant difference existed only between specimens from the posterior-superior nasal septum and those from from the inferior part of superior turbinate (p=0.020).CONCLUSION: Our results showed that olfactory mucosa was not only present in the olfactory cleft but also in the anterior portion of nasal cavity.

並列關鍵字

chronic rhinosinusitis ； distribution ； immunohistochemical staining ； olfactory mucosa

國際替代計量

嗅覺黏膜在鼻腔分佈

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