政黨認同如何影響民衆對政府清廉的評價

The Influence of the Public's Political Identification on the Perception of Government Integrity

莊文忠(Wen-Jong Juang) ； 徐明莉(Ming-Li Hsu) ； 黃東益(Tong-Yi Huang) ； 李仲彬(Chung-Pin Lee)

《東吳政治學報》 35卷1期 (2017/03) Pp. 93-141

摘要

民主政治是討論與解決公共事務的制度設計，提供人民參與決策的機會，但並不保證會產生廉能政府，廉潔治理 (integrity governance) 乃成為多數人民的期待與政府的正當性基礎，因之，吾人除了瞭解政府如何致力於宣導反貪觀念、設計防貪機制及掃除貪腐弊端外，民眾如何認知政府的清廉表現及其影響因素，亦值得探究。台灣在民主化過程中，大多數民眾都曾經歷地方或中央政府層級的政黨輪替執政經驗，他們對政府的清廉評價是否仍受政黨因素所影響，值得吾人採取循證途徑探索之。本研究利用全國性民意調查資料，以政府的清廉評價為依變數，利用個人和環境層次的政黨因素作為解釋變數，分析政黨因素是否為影響民眾對政府清廉評價的主因。實證分析發現，個人的政黨認同依然具有顯著解釋力，認同泛藍政黨者傾向對泛藍主政的政府給予較高的清廉評價，認同泛綠政黨者傾向給予較不清廉的評價，證實民眾仍難以跳脫其個人心中「藍綠」的政治框架；而環境層次的政黨因素則不具顯著解釋效果。此外，本研究也發現，民眾對政府的清廉評價與政府施政滿意度、政治信任之間有高度的關聯性，說明了民眾對政府的施政評價與信任程度也會影響其對政府的清廉印象。

關鍵字

清廉 ； 貪腐 ； 政黨認同 ； 政治環境 ； 民意調查

並列摘要

Democracy is the institution designed to discuss and solve public issues, providing the public with opportunity to participate in the policy-making process. This institution, however, does not guarantee the integrity and effectiveness of government. Integrity governance becomes the expectation of the public and the foundation of the legitimacy of government. Therefore, other than understanding government’s effort in anti-corruption campaigns, anti -corruption mechanism and eradication, the public’s perception of government integrity and its influence are worth study. Such studies could increase our knowledge about the public’s understanding of government’s anti-corruption measures, whether these measures eliminate the public's concern of corruption and improve the public’s trust in government. Due to the fast pace of democratization in Taiwan, the public has experienced political party alternation in loc al and central governments. Whether party factor affects the public’s perception of government integrity worth the effort in evidence-based studies. This study uses public opinion polls conducted nation-wide in Taiwan to test three models. In the models, integrity perception towards ＂the government as whole,＂ ＂President Ma＂ and ＂central government＂ are dependent variables in each model, while the individual and environmental level of party factors are main variables. Empirical analysis shows party identification has significant influence, people who have leanings toward the pan-blue coalition tend to give higher integrity ratings to governments run by the KMT (blue party), but the people who have leanings towards the pan-green party tend to give lower integrity ratings, which proves that it is difficult for the public in Taiwan to think outside of the ＂Blue-Green＂ political framework. However, the environmental level of party factors seems to have a less significant influence. This study also finds that public satisfaction and trust with government significantly influences their integrity perception.

並列關鍵字

integrity ； corruption ； party identification ； political environment ； opinion poll

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