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唐君毅先生對自由主義民主觀的反省-兼論其社群主義色彩

Tang Chun-I's Reflection on Liberalism and Democracy and the Communitarian Characteristics in Tang's Politcal Philosophy

摘要


眾所周知,當代港台新儒家基本上肯定民主與自由,譬如牟宗三提倡所謂「新外王」,就是要開出民主與科學;但當代新儒家並非盲目的接受西方民主自由;本文目標在呈現唐君毅先生對西方自由主義民主觀的反省與批判,並指出其立論頗有社群主義色彩。析而言之,本文目標有三,其一,以唐君毅先生觀點為主,說明他對民主自由觀的批判;其次,分析其所以然的深層立論基礎,並提出唐君毅映現的儒學五維關係性自我(Confucian five dimensions of a relational self),其三,嘗試說明唐先生的民主論述在一定程度反映了社群主義的色彩。當然本文無意論證儒家思想就是社群主義,也並非主張新儒家就只有社群主義色彩,本文只是要說明新儒家在包含其他思想特色之同時,也呈現部分社群主義的色彩。

並列摘要


Contemporary Neo-Confucianism basically asserts the importance of democracy and liberty. However, it does not accept these ideas without reservation. This article intends to demonstrate Tang Chun-I's reflection and critiques of the concept and practices of democracy and liberty and seeks to argue to the extent that, contrary to the mainstream interpretation, Tang's political philosophy reflects a strong communitarian characteristic. Compared to the ”atomic self” commonly presupposed in the individualistic tradition of liberalism, Tang's philosophy asserts a relational self which manifests in five dimensions.

參考文獻


陳宏毅:〈新儒家與民主憲政──重探1958 年唐君毅等儒學大師的《為中國文化敬告世界人士宣言》〉引自:中國儒學網http://www.confuchina.com/08%20xiandaihua/xinrujia%20minzhu.htm
蔡仁厚:〈當代新儒家對政治的理解與參與〉引自:牟學網──牟宗三弟子論文精選http://www.moophilo.net/viewthread.php?tid=211
Avineri, Shlomo(ed.),de-Shalit, Avner(ed.)(1992).Communitarianism and Individualism.London:Oxford University Press.
Bell, Daniel(1993).Communitarianism and its Critics.Oxford:Clarendon Press.
Bellah, Robert N.(1995).Community Properly Understood: A Defense of Democratic Communitarianism.The Responsive Community.6(1)

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