論張貴興《群象》中雨林空間的展演

On Gui-Xing Chang's Performance of Space of the Rain Forest in "Herds of Elephants"

陳惠齡(We-Lin Chen)

《高雄師大學報》 16期 (2004/06) Pp. 273-292

https://doi.org/10.7060/KNUJ.200406.0273

摘要

文學作品中經常出現的「空間」，往往代表一種象徵或隱喻。所謂空間的表徵並非只限於地形、距離、物理等人類認知的向度，而是涉及了個人對於空間訊息的思考與推理。經由命名和感受，我們可以詩意地賦予空間一種想像和比喻性的價值與意義，此即人為的因素可以轉化空間的意識。
濃稠的土地情結，和家國的歷史溯源揉合於一體，向是馬華作家的集體潛意識，其中陰黯霪濕，蟲豸出沒的雨林是南洋總體景觀中的代表，也是散發龐大精神召喚的最重要場域。雨林包納萬物的生和死，寓有「生死」正反同體的特性，是無垠而神祕的世界，它複雜多樣的生態概貌，構成一個巨大的隱喻和象徵體系，潛入文學的底層結構，生發了相應的文化與文學的意義。
張貴興《群象》中的雨林是一種廣角全景式的空間，是由植物、動物和人共同演出的生命舞台；也是人性試煉場，最華麗的殺戮於焉展開；然而它更是家國想像的另一個異質空間。只是國族作為社會現實實體和心理想像之間的對立統一體，其實是一種悖論性的存在問題，因此當小說裡的人物群試圖超克無根的狀態，而寄託於一個理想國族的美好想像時，卻在尋找中赫然發現「找不到自己的社稷」。本文論述即是從文本中雨林所展演的空間意識，探掘其所呈現「尋找／失落」雙向牽引的隱喻。

關鍵字

張貴興 ； 群象 ； 雨林 ； 空間 ； 國族想像

並列摘要

The word, ‘space’ in literary works functions as a symbol, or a metaphor. Space is not just about land, distance, or natural things that we acknowledge, but about how it is personally perceived. Through the word, ‘space,’ we could have a poetic imagination of it, and give it some figurative values and meanings. This is the idea that, space can be transformed by human factors.
Passion for land combined with the history of our homeland, such as Hua Ma’s concept of Collective Subconscious, the dark and damp rain forest full of insects is the scenery of Southeast Asia. It is an important place showing great spiritual call. The rain forest is the cradle of all creatures and the grave of all creatures. The bushy jungle with the symbolic meaning of life and death is a boundless and mysterious world; its complexity and various ecological environment construct an immense metaphorical system, submerging into the foundation of literature, and creating the corresponding meaning with culture and literature.
In Gui-Xing Chang’s “Herds of Elephants,” the rain forest is a space with wide-ranging panorama. Along with it, there is the performance of plants, animals and human beings altogether on the stage of life. It is the trial ground for humanity, with the most splendid slaughter unveiled here; it is another disparity for the imagined homeland. However, the existence between the ideal nation-state and the reality is a paradox. While characters in the novels tried to forget the un-rooted state, they built their hopes on a beautiful imagination of an ideal nation-state and look for it. They suddenly realized they were lost — they couldn’t find their nation. This paper is to discuss the idea of space, as presented in the text “Rain Forest.” It to explore the metaphor of searching and losing, which are interrelated.

並列關鍵字

Gui-Xing Chang ； Herds of Elephant ； Rain forest ； Space ； Nation-state imagination

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