薑齋千載是同參一一熊十力之船山學述評

以探究宇宙根源為本務，開展體用不二思想體系的一代儒宗熊十力，曾以「薑齋千載是同參」一語，真切道出王船山是他超越時空、突破藩籬的真正千古知音。本文即循熊十力的此句自我告白而發，參稽熊十力的相關著作；檢視王船山的原著論點；酌採其他歷史文獻及後學論點，從生命的遙契與冥會、思想的闡揚及推擴、立論的質疑及商榷等三大面向開展，藉窺熊十力對船山人格的仰讚、生命的實踐及思想的擷取、融會與發揚，尤其王船山尊生、明有、健動、率性等四大旨要，更被熊十力渠引為一己思想的源頭活水。此外以光大聖學自居、神解獨特的熊十力，也對船山學說中的若干論點，如乾坤並建、陰陽十二位嚮背說、道大性小等的提出質疑並表達其個人見地。本文將針對上述重點逐次闡述，並試予釐清，以驗知十力發出「薑齋千載是同參」一語，其背後蘊藏的孤絕精神及豐富義涵。

關鍵字

薑齋；尊生；率性

並列摘要

As a great scholar of his time, Shih-Li Hsiung’s major interests reside in the investigation of universe origin and the development of a theoretical system combining essence and application. “Chiang-Chai is always an eternal counselor” was stated by Hsiung to sincerely describe how Chuang-Sañ Wang played the role of his spiritual companion transcending time and space. This paper originates from this self-confessing sentence of Shih-Li Hsiung and many relating works of Hsiung are compared to investigate the fundamental viewpoints in Chuang-San Wang’s thought. In addition, numerous historical literatures are also touched upon to discuss the appreciation of Wang’s personality, life, and thought by Hsiung, based on the three aspects in remote communication of life, progress of thoughts, and question of views. Hsiung especially indicated that the origin of his thoughts came from the four key elements proposed by Wang, including respect for life, enlightenment of existence, continuation of movement, and compliance of nature. On the other hand, Hsiung also raised a few questions regarding several issues in Wang’s theory and expressed his own opinions. This paper is aimed to explain and clarify these points. It is hoped that the sentence “Chiang-Chai is always an eternal counselor” by Shih-Li Hsiung can consequently be extensively explored to disclose its plentiful implied meanings.