The Transitional Role of the Glottal Stop in the Development of Glottalized Diminutives

喉塞音在喉塞化小稱發展中的中介角色

鄭明中(Ming-Chung Cheng)

《Concentric： Studies in Linguistics》 35卷1期 (2009/01) Pp. 1-25

https://doi.org/10.6241/concentric.ling.200901_35(1).0001

摘要

本文探討喉塞音在漢語東南方言喉塞化小稱發展中的角色。文章一開始先回顧東南方言二類常見的小稱在歷史發展上的異同，特別著重在中介階段CVN與*CVk的討論上。其次，從吳、閩語的語料探討*CVk這個中介階段是否存在，並從響度及無標浮現的角度比較CVN與*CVk的相異之處。接著，由於喉塞音特殊的發音特質及出現位置，本文主張中塞式小稱詞應爲喉塞化小稱發展過程中的中介階段。最後，從移民史的角度出發，說明我們的論點是有其歷史根據的。

關鍵字

小稱 ； 喉塞音 ； 喉塞化 ； 閩 ； 吳

並列摘要

This study focuses on the transitional role of the glottal stop in the development of glottalized diminutives. First, this study compares the historical development of two types of widely-observed diminutives (nasalized diminutives and glottalized diminutives) in southeastern Chinese dialects, with special focus given to the transitional stages, CVN and *CVk. While CVN can be easily gathered in synchronic dialects, it seems impossible for *CVk to exist in the dialects of Min and Wu. Then, the asymmetry between CVN and *CVk is explored in terms of sonority as well as the emergence of the unmarked. This study further suggests that, because of the internal glottal stop and its special articulatory characteristic, diminutives with middle glottal stop insertion (middle-GSI) can be viewed as the transitional stage in the development of glottalized diminutives in southeastern Chinese dialects. Finally, the immigration history between Min and Hakka also shows that the view proposed in this study can be historically supported.

並列關鍵字

diminutive ； glottal stop ； glottalized ； Min ； Wu

參考文獻

Cao, Zhi-yun.(2001).Diminutives in Southern Wu.Studies in Language and Linguistics.3,33-44.

Cao, Zhi-yun.(2002).Phonology of Southern Wu.Beijing:Commercial Press.

Chen, Zhang-tai,Ru-long Li.(1991).Study of Min.Beijing:Yuwen Press.

Chen, Zhi-ping.(1997).Origin of Hakka: A New Perspective.Nanning:Guangxi Education.

Chen, Zhong-min.(1992).On the change of lexical tones and its cause for words in class of "xia zhu ji" in Ningpo, and the two types of diminutives in southern Chinese dialects.Studies in Language and Linguistics.2,72-77.