敦煌石室《心經》音寫抄本所反映之聲母現象－兼論譯者歸屬問題

本文是一個有關梵漢對音的研究。所使用的研究材料是敦煌石室《心經》音寫抄本，其反映的音韻現象至今尚未有人處理過。梁啟超1曾將佛典翻譯分為三期，本材料的時代屬於第三期（唐貞觀至貞元年間），亦即新譯時期，所以在漢語音韻史的研究上隸屬中古音的範疇。本文欲透過對比語言學及用字風格的方法來觀察一些音變現象，如：漢語濁音清化的現象，唇音是否分化，泥娘分混，精章分混，並尋求mb-、nd-、ηg-特殊聲母現象的來源及變遷。最後希望藉由以上現象的了解來處理譯者歸屬的問題。

關鍵字

梵漢對音；佛典語言；濁音清化；心經；音寫

並列摘要

The study investigates Sanskrit-Chinese transliterations. The materials of the study are the Chinese transliteration of the Heart Sutra in the Dunhuang manuscripts. Up to the present, the phonetic phenomenon of the manuscripts have not been dealt with yet. Liang qichao (1920) considered that there were three periods in the interpretation of the Buddhist Scriptures. The materials of the study are belonged to the third period (between Zhenguan and Zhenyuan in Tang Dynasty), that is to say, the period of new interpretation. It is belonged to the range of the Ancient Chinese sound in Chinese historical linguistics. The study attempts to handle some questions by way of the contrastive linguistics and the style of words, including the authorship, transliterating Sanskrit with two types of the voiced stops, the phenomenon of devoicing in Chinese, whether the labials being polarized or not, and trying to recognize the source and change of the special initials mb-, nd-, ng-. By the research, it's possible to understand some representations of the dialect in Tang Dynasty, and to provide another materials of studying the Ancient Chinese sound.