SRC結構營造施工安全問題之探討

SRC結構(Steel Reinforced Concrete)是融合SS結構(Steel Structure)與RC結構(Reinforced Concrete)的優點，將鋼筋混凝土與鋼骨結合，以增加結構的延展性、耐震性及耐火性。近年來，一些安全及耐震要求高的建案，多會採用SRC結構進行設計。但SRC結構在施工過程中，若無正確施工程序，則易造成未預期的施工荷重而發生倒塌。本文即以國內一件SRC結構施工中倒塌案例，利用二階分析及複合式柱之簡化模式解析解，來探討SRC施工中結構的安全問題。研究結果顯示：經由二階分析確認，設計者可能未考慮SRC施工中鋼骨整體自重已超過SRC施工中結構的臨界載重，此造成SRC施工中結構系統發生挫屈，在受微小擾動後立即瞬間倒塌。複合式柱之簡化模式分析結果顯示，當SRC結構施工程序比照SS結構施工程序，持續往上吊裝鋼樑鋼柱而不顧下層鋼筋混凝土梁柱施工進度，則SRC上層鋼骨自重可能會超過SRC施工中結構的臨界載重，進而發生倒塌。為避免SRC結構於施工過程中發生倒塌，建議政府主管機關，在施工方面，應制訂SRC安全組裝施工程序，使鋼骨吊裝作業與鋼筋混凝土作業能完美結合；在設計方面，參考先進國家鋼結構設計規範，將直接分析法或二階分析納入我國鋼結構設計規範，以供設計者遵循。

關鍵字

臨界載重；直接分析法；二階分析； SRC結構

並列摘要

The steel reinforced concrete structures (SRC) integrate into the merits of steel structures (SS) and reinforced concrete structures (RC). The steel reinforced concrete structures, combined by reinforced concrete and steel structures, have a good ductility, earthquake resistantce and fire resistance. In recent years, some construction projects with high safety and seismic requirements have considered the design of steel reinforced concrete. However, in the construction of SRC structures, an unexpected construction load may cause the collapse of SRC structures if the correct construction procedures is not considered. This study investigates the construction safety of SRC structure based on the collapse of a SRC structure using a second-order analysis and a simplified model of composite columns. The study result of the second-order analysis shows that designers might fail to consider the overall steel self-weight of the SRC construction structure to exceed the critical load of this structure. This caused that the SRC construction structure buckled and then immediately collasped after a slight disturbance. The analysis result of the simplified model of the composite column shows that the self-weight of SRC may exceed the critical load of the SRC construction structure and then the structure fails finally. The analysis result implies that the SRC construction structure collapses if the construction procedure of SRC only follows that of SS regardless of the setup progress of reinforced concrete beams and columns at the bottom. In order to avoid the collapse of SRC construction structure, this study proposes that, in terms of construction, the government authorities should develop a safety assembly procedure of SRC structures so that the hoisting of steel beams and columns can combine reinforced concrete operations perfectly. In terms of design, the government authorities should add the direct analysis method or the second-order analysis into the domestic design specifications of steel structures based on those used in advanced countries.

並列關鍵字

critical load ； direct analysis method ； second-order analysis ； steel reinforced concrete structure

國際替代計量

SRC結構營造施工安全問題之探討

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