歐洲安全與合作組織－民主制度與人權中心之研究

The OSCE Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights-An Analysis of the Mandate and Functions

吳萬寶(Wan-Bau Wu)

《大葉學報》 8卷2期 (1999/12) Pp. 33-44

https://doi.org/10.7119/JDYU.199912.0033

摘要

在冷戰期間，誕生於一九七五年的歐洲安全與合作會議（自一九九五年更名為歐洲安全與合作組織），提供給互相對峙於歐洲大陸的軍事集團一個對話與合作的管道。冷戰結束後，這個擔負著論壇式功能的架構，隨著歐洲情勢的發展與接踵而至的挑戰，開始以制度化來回應情勢的變化。在制度化過程中，首創機構之一的民主制度與人權中心負有穩定民主制度之建立與人權維護的功能，同時並就這方面提供早期警告，俾能採取必要的先期措施，防範衝突於未然。在建立二十一世紀新的歐洲安全秩序的過程中，民主制度與人權中心的功能與潛在效用不容輕視。

關鍵字

人道面向 ； 人權 ； 選舉觀察

並列摘要

In the Cold War, the Conference on Security and Co-operation in Europe (from 1995, the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, OSCE), which was born in 1975, has acted as a forum for the European antagonistic-military Groups (the NATO and the Warsaw Pact) to negotiate and cooperate. After the Cold War, this forum began its institutionalization in order to meet the challenges resulted from the end of the Cold War and the collapse of European Communism. As one of the primary institutions that the OSCE has ever established, the Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (ODIHR) was designated to assist the OSCE participating States to build democratic institutions and implement their human dimension commitment. In the case of violating the norm of human rights, the ODIHR could even provide early warning reports, which eventually lead to early actions that might prevent conflicts from escalating. In constructing the European security structure for the next century, with its long-term effects, the functions of the ODIHR can not be underestimated.

並列關鍵字

human dimension ； human rights ； election observation