產品創新自由度、企業策略與技術政策之關係－台灣資訊電子業實証研究

尹啟銘 ； 司徒達賢 ； 黃俊英

《管理評論》 8卷 (1989/07) Pp. 73-98

https://doi.org/10.6656/MR.1989.8.CHI.73

摘要

本研究之主要目的在將技術因素整合於企業之策略分析架構中，對產品創新自由度（環境），企業策略（策略）與技術政策（政策）之關係建立一完整之理論架構並加以說明此外，對產品創新自由度，尤其是技術本質方面，作完整而深入的探討，以瞭解其策略意義。本研究以台灣資訊電子業為實証對象，挑選電視機等十項代表性產業進行研究資料之搜集分產業資料與企業資料兩部分，前者主要來自各產業技術專家之問卷調查及產業有關之報告，用於分析各產業之產品創新自由度；後者主要來自對企業之問卷調查，用於分析企業之策略與技術政策，所選樣本企業150家，有效樣本數54家，有效回收率達36.0%。資料分析方面，各單變數間存在之關係檢定，以採卡方檢定、t檢定及Pearson相關分析為主至於單一變數性質描述者則採百分比平均數標準差與次數分配等方法。
本研究經資料分析後，發現產品創新自由度高時，採創新策略類型者之績效較佳；自由度低時，採守成策略類型者之績效較佳企業探創新策略類型時，技術政策探技術開發類型者之績效較佳；探守成策略類型時，技術政策採技術跟隨類型者之績效較佳於產品創新自由度高時，採技術開發類型者之績效較佳；自由度低時，探技術跟隨類型者之績效較佳綜合以上，產品創新自由度高時，採創新策略／技術開發政策類型者其績效較佳；創新自由度低時，採守成策略／技術跟隨政策類型者其績效較佳以上各項發現，支持本研究之各項假設。

關鍵字

產品創新環境 ； 產品創新自由度 ； 企業策略 ； 技術政策 ； 配合

並列摘要

The primary purpose of this study is to include technological considerations within the framework of a strategy in order to examine relationships between innovative potential, business strategies, and technological policies. In addition, the main purpose of conducting a comprehensive investigation into the technical nature of product innovative potential is to attain a clear understanding of its strategic meaning.
The clectronics industry was selected as the sample for this study. Ten product categories were chosen to be representative of a range electronic products. Two of data were collected: Industrial level data taken from questionaires completed by industrial experts, and industrial reports were used to analyze the product innovative potential of representative product. Specific data drawn from questionaires from private companies served as the major input for the analysis of business strategies and technological policies. Questionaires were mailed to 150 firms in the representative product industries. 54 completed questionaries were finally obtained. The net percentage of response was 36.0%. For purposes of data analysis and testing of hypotheses, both quantitative statisties (mean, standard deviation, ete.) and statistics tests (Chisquare test, student test, etc.) were used.
The analysis produced the following findings:
1. In the high product innovative potential group, companies adopting an ”innovative” strategy have a better performance. However, in the low product innovative potential group, companies adopting a ”conservative” strategy also have better performance.
2. In the innovative strategy group, companies adopting ”technological development” policy have a better performance.
However, in the ”conservative” strategy group, companies adopting a ”technological accordance” policy also have better performance.
3. In the high product innovative potential group, companies adopting a ”technological development” policy have better performance. However, in the low product innovative potential group, companies adopting a ”technological accordance” policy also have better performance.
4. In the high product innovative potential group, companies adopting a ”innovative strategy/technological development policy” have a better performance. However, in the low innovative potential group, companies adopting a ”conservative strategy/technological accordance policy” have also better performance.
The hypotheses proposed for the study are supported by all of the above findings.

並列關鍵字

Product innovatioon environment ； Product innovative potential ； Business strategy ； Technological policy ； Fit