This study attempts to make a taxonomy and review toward manufacturing strategy (MS) research, and to portray the body of MS literature. The two dimensions used in the taxonomy are (1) The main body of MS (i.e., content, process, and performance of MS), and (2) Study focus and category (i.e., business function(s) studied, strategic/operational vision, and study categories). Two experts select the reviewed literature according to their importance and advancement, and 156 articles are selected, including 126 journal papers and 30 MS-related books or theses. Besides the taxonomy and reviewing, this study also explores divergent definitions toward MS, discusses the publishing origins of the journal papers, and lists 13 research propositions and some future direction for further studies.