都市公共財評量模式CVM與SJT之比較－以高雄市愛河水上巴士為例

A Comparison of CVM and SJT in Urban Public Goods Measurement: The Case of Kaohsiung's Love River Bus Benefit

汪明生(Ming-Shen Wang) ； 洪東煒(Tung-Wei Hung)

《管理評論》 22卷2期 (2003/04) Pp. 131-148

https://doi.org/10.6656/MR.2003.22.2.CHI.131

摘要

條件評估法(CVM)與社會判斷分析法(SJT)在國外曾同時被應用作為公共財非市場效益評量模式，人類判斷與決策須蒐集客觀事實資訊與主觀價值資訊，尤其人類的判斷與決策在解決多元公共決策問題時要同時考量其主觀價值。本研究除探討CVM與SJT之理論與應用及比較其相似或相異點外，並以高雄市愛河水上巴士作實證分析，經驗證結果發現CVM與SJT亦適合應用在國內實證研究，但是兩者經殘差統計量分析結果發現其誤差值仍存有差異，其偏差原因如測量工具與策略誤差等。此外，本研究結果發現CVM與SJT兩種方法彼此可以相輔相成，有互補作用，唯CVM與SJT兩者所衡量出來的各線索的價值與權重所具效度尤其心理值效度仍有待整合其他評估方法加以改善，環境影響評估方法－SAGE在應用上結合客觀事實與主觀價值，並具公眾參與導向之特性，可以改善衡量效度問題，以及資訊整合理論(IIT)在理論上受測者主觀價值與其權重因經實驗結果獲得衡量效度較具精準度，SAGE與IIT如何與CVM與SJT的功能相結合，並應用到公共財效益衡量與環境管理或公共事務相關之個人與公共集體決策的議題探討，誠為未來後續研究的重點與方向。

關鍵字

條件評估法 ； 社會判斷理論 ； SAGE ； 資訊整合理論

並列摘要

CVM and SJT were applied to evaluate the public goods value in U.S.A. The human judgment and decision making need objective data information and subjective value information. Additionally, the judgment and decision making of human beings are the subjects that have to be considered in solving the problem of multiple public strategic decision. Through the conclusions of the research, CVM and SJT can be adopted to valuate public goods benefits in Taiwan. The paper also compares the merits and demerits of CVM and SJT, and their similarities and dissimilarities. In order to improve the demerits of CVM and SJT, how to incorporate the functions of SAGE and ITT and SJT or CVM is the important direction of the research in the future.

並列關鍵字

social judgment theory ； contingent valuation method ； SAGE ； Information Integration theory

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