This paper is criticism of William Reddy (1984) The Rise of Market Culture. It presents the synopsis of the book, its main argument, its contributions, and its significance for the local studies. A study on social history, this book deciphers the social and the cultural meanings of the categories of political economy. Its treatment of the implication of the evolution of the payment system is excellent. What is sold by the French spinners and weavers: products, labor, or labor power? Some disagreements with Reddy's explanation are presented.