強暴與強暴控訴：從眞理到眞理政權

Rape and Rape Accusation: From Truth to Regime of Truth

林芳玫(Fang-Mei Lin)

《台灣社會研究季刊》 18期 (1995/02) Pp. 153-187

https://doi.org/10.29816/TARQSS.199502.0005

摘要

本研究從知識社會學的角度，探討報紙讀者對師大強暴案報導的詮釋過程。強暴控訴所引起的社會大眾反應是一個集體建構過程，牽涉到指控者其宣稱製造之有效性、正當性、與可信度的建立（或是推翻）。本論文經由讀者訪談，解析強暴控訴得以成立之社會情境與條件，並進而指出強暴控訴的成立（與不成立）不在於事件的真假之辨，而是真理政權中對女性控訴者其意向所作的定位。讀者訪談結果顯示，讀者對報紙報導的詮釋集中於四方面：(1)記者動機；(2)女性當事人動機；(3)受訪者本人看法；(4)受訪者認為之其他社會大眾的反應。女性當事人行為意向與動機最為受訪者所關切，他們對其意向的推測使女性指控者被置於不具正當性與可信度的位置。
受訪者不分性別均認為師大案不完全是強暴。男性受訪者在受訪過程中流露出對強暴案濫訴與誣告的恐懼，而女性受訪者則顯現出雙重視野與分裂意識：她們在抽象概念層次上畏懼強暴，流露出明顯的害怕情緒，但是在面對具體的特定案例時，又以嚴格的標準來否定強暴控訴，同時並以自信的態度提出預防與處理強暴的行為策略。本研究顯示父權意識形態在男女兩性身上經由不同的運作方式達成同樣的效果：行為責任與行為限制的配置不對等，使預防強暴成為女性單方面的責任。

關鍵字

配置不對等 ； 意向 ； 眞理政權 ； 主體位置

並列摘要

This paper adopts the perspectives of sociology of knowledge to explore readers' response to the news coverage of a rape case. I argue that the public's reaction to a rape accusation involves a collective construction of the validity of the victim's claim-making, I further argue that whether of not a rape charge is accepted and believed is not a matter of discovering the truth but a discursive issue of how the victim's intention is positioned within the partriarchal regime of truth. Readers are interested in speculating and interpreting the woman's intention for bringing out the charge, therby putting her in a unfavorable position within the current rape discourse which tends to blame the victim.
Both male and female readers think that what happened is not exactly an incident of rape. When talking about rape at a general level, men express their anxiety regarding false charges and the ensuing sexual scandals. Women exhibit what can be called ”bifurcated consciousness”: on the one hand, they are afraid of being raped, but on the other hand, when dealing with a concrete case of rape charge, they tend to judge it as non-rape. These gender differences show that patriarchal ideology operates on men and women by different ways, but to the same effect: the prevention of rape is regarded as women's responsibility only. We can thus observe an asymmetry of the allocation and distribution of behavioral freedom and restriction between men and women.

並列關鍵字

asymmetry of allocation and distribution ； intention ； regime of truth ； subject position