遊牧主體：《莊子》的用言方式與道―用一種女性主義閱讀（錢新祖的）《莊子》

Nomadic Subjects: Language Use and the Way in Chuang Tzu-A Feminist Perspective on (Edward Ch'ien's) Chuang Tzu

劉人鵬(Jen-Peng Liu)

《台灣社會研究季刊》 29期 (1998/03) Pp. 101-130

https://doi.org/10.29816/TARQSS.199803.0004

摘要

錢新祖認為，《莊子》理想的用言方式是一種遊牧的表演，而其所以如此，並非只是語言進戲，而是對「道」的本體論的模仿，因為宇宙本體本身即為恆常的無限的辯證的「物化」過程。
本文一方面在此理解架構中闡明此說，一方面則又遊牧於此理解架構的邊際或罅隙，關切閱讀活動中的主體遊牧與遊牧主體，另以Rosi Bridotti提出的女性主義「遊牧主體」的觀念，將性別差異作為一種遊牧的策略，並對錢新祖所闡釋的《莊子》用言方式與道的關係作戲仿的表演，在表演中，讓變動不居的道展現自我解構去中心的物化過程，跳出為她者，她者則在「無」的位所，放棄了所有對於穩定固著的想法、慾望，或者鄉愁。於是，本文的書寫說在閱讀主體的性別差異上，表演了錢新祖所闡釋的《莊子》遊牧物化的用言方式。

關鍵字

錢新祖 ； 莊子 ； 遊牧 ； 語言 ； 道 ； 主體 ； 女性主義 ； 閱讀 ； 解構

並列摘要

This is a feminist study of Chuang flu by way of Edward Ch'ien's interpretation. According to Ch'ien, the ideal mode of language use in Chuang Tzu is itself a kind of philosophically nomadic performance. However, for Chuang Tzu, alterity is not just a grammatological principe, it is also an ontological principle. Chuang Tzu envisioned his ”play” as a cosmic drama which acts out not only in the linguistic theater of human signs but also on the ontological stage of the Tao as the ultimate reality.
Based on Ch'ien's theoretical framework, this paper aims to elaborate further on the topic concerning the notion of ”nomadic performance.” Yet this paper also means to set itself as another example of effective parodic nomadic style, by making a nomadic shift from the center of such a framework to its boundaries or interstices. With this in view, I shall deal with the nomadic subjects or nomadic traveling in the act of reading. Moreover, following Rosi Braidotti's feminist notion of the nomadic subjects, I propose to mark sexual difference as a nomadic strategy, and then to render a parodic mode of performances with regard to Ch'ien's interpretation of the relations of the mode of language use and The Way in Chuang Tzu. Through such a parodic performance, the ontological status of the Way displays itself in the processes of constantly self-disrupting and self-erasing transformation, and most importantly, become the other in the nomadic state. From a feminist perspective, this alterity is rather a figuration for the kind of subject who has relinquished all idea, desire, or nostalgia for fixity.

並列關鍵字

Edward Ch'ien ； Chuang Tzu ； nomadic subjects ； language ； The Way ； feminist theory ； Deconstructurism

參考文獻

莊子集釋。

Braidotti, Rosi(1994).Nomadic Subjects: Embodiment and Sexual Difference in Contemporary Feminist Theory.New York:Columbia UP.

Braidotti, Rosi(1991).Patterns of Dissonance: A Study of Women in Contemporary Philosophy.Polity Press.

Braidotti, Rosi(1991).Patterns of Dissonance: A Study of Women in Contemporary Philosophy.Polity Press.

Braidotti, Rosi(1994).Nomadic Subjects: Embodiment and Sexual Difference in Contemporary Feminist Theory.New York:Columbia UP.