公共性的詭譎：比較英德法義台的公共電視爭議

Indeterminate Publicity: Comparing Contests over Public Television in UK, West Germany, France, Italy and Taiwan

馮建三(Chien-San Feng)

《台灣社會研究季刊》 34期 (1999/06) Pp. 133-185

https://doi.org/10.29816/TARQSS.199906.0004

摘要

台灣的公共電視之政黨與社會爭議，必然與國際廣電勢力的對抗產生關聯，作者因此檢視英德法義的情況，強調爭議過程的黨政及政治活躍份子之互動，而非其所遭遇的結構限制。以上四個國家的政黨對於公共電視，雖有相對固定的主張，但仍有相當餘裕，可以作為社運團體的遊說空間。與此對照，由於台灣的電視資源分配不合理的程度更高，賦予其遊說者的空間亦更大，但台灣這類團體起步較晚，經驗缺乏與規模較小，因此也就無法善用台灣的這個特珠情境。本文以公共電視民間籌備會在1993-94年間的遊說活動為例，具體地就此記錄與分析，作者並反省近年來不滿電視聲浪的上場，是否可能是新的契機，能夠提供未來台灣電視改造運動以新的動力。

關鍵字

公共電視 ； 社會運動 ； 政治活躍份子 ； 知識份子 ； 報紙論壇 ； 憲政法庭 ； 政黨 ； 台灣 ； 英國 ； 西德 ； 法國 ； 義大利

並列摘要

Political and social contest over public television in Taiwan should not be evaluated independently from forces strugggling for more just broadcasting order in other countries. The author therefore studies the UK, West Germany, France and Italy to shed light on Taiwan's case, in which process, more emphases are put on how political parties interact with social activists than on structural forces limiting effectiveness of their effort. In comparison with more established party politics of above-mentioned countries, Taiwan's weaker party identites and less legitimate distribution of broadcasting resources do provide more spaces for TV reform movement, though such an advantage may well be offset by Taiwan's inexperienced and smaller campaign group. Operations of Civilian Campaign Group for Public Televison between 1993 and 1994 is analysed to illustrate this observation. In concision, this paper reflects if discontents with TV rising again in late 1990s could supply fresh impetus for future movement aiming at reforming Taiwan's television structure.

並列關鍵字

public television ； social campaign ； intellectual ； political activist ； newspaper forum ； constitution court ； political party ； the UK ； Germany ； France ； Italy ； Taiwan

參考文獻

(1994).Controlling Broadcasting: access policy and practice in North America and Europe.Manchester:Manchester University Press.

(1991).Broadcasting Finance in Transition.Oxford University Press.

(1996).Media Ownership and Control in the Age of Convergence.London:International Institute of Communications.

(1996).Markets and Myths: forces for change in the European media.NY:Longman.

Barendt, Eric(1991).The influence of the German and Italian Constitutional Courts on their national broadcasting systems.Public Law.