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從“戰士”到“榮民”:國家的制度建構與人口類屬的形塑(1949~1970)

From "Soldier" to "Veteran": Institution-Building of State and the Formation of Demographic Categories in Taiwan (1949~1970)

摘要


本文始於1950年代國府在各項主客觀條件的考量下爲了遂行軍事整編與裁軍所採取的種種因應策略,始終1970年前後「退除役制度」、「退輔制度」及其它相關制度性建構的完成;此一制度建構的過程中,戰後遷移來台的軍人一方面被形塑爲一個特殊的人口類屬,另一方面,也同時在內部確立了兩種分化的生命歷程。過去學界對此一過程的分析,大都著重在「退」、「輔」制度的建立及其制度效應。本文則強調,在構築退、輔制度的過程中,國府更爲根本的關切乃是(軍事)人口安置管理的意圍;而相關的人口訊息與人口管理機制之建構,則是左右軍事人口生命歷程的重大關鍵。此一過程之中,國家衡量既有的組織與制度條件,透過種種權宜性、順應性的措施,終於有效地界定了軍事人口的社會空間,執行其人口安置的制度措施。

並列摘要


The specified period discussed in this dissertation starts in 1950s while the strategies of state-actor toward reducing armed forces was set up and ends In the accomplishment of institution of demobilize and veteran-service In 1970s, The populace of military which all almost migrated form mainland China between 1947 and 1951 was been formed as a particular population in this process of institution- building, and, in the same period, two differentiate life-story emerged Inside this population. Instead of concern about the creation of veteran-service system, we set this process on a broader scheme in which the demographic-management is a crucial factor. We argue that the ”state” pushed the institutions of demobilize and veteran-service not only for the single end of the faultless of these institutions but a greater aim of governance toward the function of demographics-management. The state examine its own condition of organization and institution to make up a boundary of social space by means of variedly expedient measure to place the populace of military.

參考文獻


趙彥寧(2001)。戴著草帽到處旅行 試論中國流亡、女性主體、與記憶間的建構關係。台灣社會研究季刊。41
總統府公報
立法院公報
行政院公報
臺灣省政府公報

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黃柏松(2007)。退輔會榮民安置與梨山地區的農業發展(1956-1987年)〔碩士論文,國立中央大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0031-0207200917350150
陳韋如(2009)。閾限的公共領域:空軍三重一村的社會空間研究〔碩士論文,國立臺北大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0023-1808200914401100

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