誰的杜聰明？從科學家的自我書寫出發

Who Is Writing Whose Stories about Du Congming?-Reconsideration of the Contemporary Images of Scientist in Taiwan

許宏彬(Hung-Bin Hsu)

《台灣社會研究季刊》 54期 (2004/06) Pp. 149-176

https://doi.org/10.29816/TARQSS.200406.0005

摘要

本文主旨，在於分析戰前杜聰明做為臺灣早期知名科學家的形象，如何透過種種相關的歷史書寫呈現。我首先將論證「臺灣名人」式的杜聰明書寫，由於過於依賴杜聰明自我書寫，因而也承繼了杜聰明將其研究侷限於實驗室中的敍述方式；這樣對科學家及其研究的書寫，則讓這些杜聰明立傳者錯失了從更寬廣的脈絡來詮釋杜聰明一生的可能，甚至導致一些有問題的描述。與此同時，參照近幾年臺灣科學史、醫療史的相關研究，我也將提出幾個重新思考科學家杜聰明其人、其研究的可能性，包括「國家社會外部脈絡」、「實驗室內日常操作」、「知識生產細部考察」、以及「科學研究與科學家性格」等等。這種種嘗試都試圖在科學家自我書寫外進行補充、修正、質疑甚至徹底改寫。但這並不代表我們必須全盤否定科學家的自我書寫。作為科學活動的直接參與者，科學家的記述自有珍貴的參考價值；然而從科學家的自我書寫「出發」，卻可以讓我們重新思考科學活動在現代社會所連結生成的種種效應，以及科學家作為一個「人」，在其中所扮演的角色。

關鍵字

阿片鴉片 ； 杜聰明 ； 林清月 ； 科學家 ； 醫院 ； 實驗室 ； 臺灣醫學史 ； 日治時期臺灣 ； 科技與社會

並列摘要

This essay centers around the analysis of the diverse contemporary images of Du Congming, the most famous scientist in Taiwan during Japanese colonial period. In the first part, I will argue that the popular hagiological writings of Du Congming, which on the whole unquestioningly rely on the self-writings by Du himself, are inclined to portray scientific research as the activity confined to the laboratory and therefore they draw some problematic conclusions. Instead, based on the recently fruitful research into the history of medicine/science in Taiwan, I will suggest some alternative perspectives to reconsider the role of science and scientists in colonial period Taiwan, including the external contexts, the laboratory practices, the scrutiny of the production of scientific knowledge, and the personality of scientists. Being a personal participant in scientific research, the self-writings of scientist Du Congming undoubtedly is a valuable resource for our understanding of scientific activities; but departing from these self-writings, I try to locate these personal accounts and knowledge in their local positions and explore the political effect associated with and inspired by science in modern Taiwan. In the end, through a comparison between the two important opium researchers Du Congming and Lin Qingyue, I will characterize the importance of personality in scientific activities and try to appreciate their research not only in the laboratory but also in their daily lives. Scientists are not only scientists, they are also human beings, like you and I.

並列關鍵字

opium ； scientist ； Du Congming ； Lin Qingyue ； scientist ； hospital ； laboratory ； history of medicine in Taiwan ； Japanese colonial Taiwan ； STS science, technology and society

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