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有機添加物紓解丁基拉草毒傷豌豆根系的效應

Effect of Organic Amendments on Alleviating Phyloloxicity of Butachlor to Seedlings of Garden Peas

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摘要


利用不同蔬菜種子檢測丁基拉草的毒性時,發現高萵苣幼苗的生長長度隨著丁基拉草濃度的增加而遞減,尤其低濃度的丁基拉草尚可顯著地抑制萵苣(品種:Lactuca scariola var. sativa Bisch. ) 幼苗的生長;以萵苣幼苗之生物檢定,評估二十二種農業廢棄物是否具有紓解丁基拉草毒傷植株根系的功效,發現在含有25 ppm 丁基拉草的土壤中,添加1 % (w/w) 黃豆粕、肉骨粉、魚粉、蝦蟹殼粉、篦麻粕及牛血粉等,不但不具紓解丁基拉草對萵苣幼苗生長的抑制作用,尚且可引起萵苣幼苗根系的傷害。然而,木耳太空包廢棄棄堆肥、金針菇太空包廢棄堆肥、香菇太空包廢棄堆肥、枇杷葉粉、菸渣或小麥粉等卻均具有紓解丁基拉草抑制萵苣幼苗生長的作用。進一步,在殘留有丁基拉草50 ppm 的土壤中,添加1至5 %(w/w)不等濃度的金針菇太空包廢棄堆肥、木耳太空包廢棄堆肥、菸渣粉、蝦蟹殼粉及篦麻粕等有機物後,發現僅金針菇太空包廢棄堆肥、木耳太空包廢棄堆肥與菸渣粉具有紓解丁基位草毒傷豌豆根系的功效。其中以添加金針菇太空包廢棄堆肥的效果較為優良而穩定;尤其添加5 % (w/w) 的金針菇太空包廢棄堆肥時,可完全解除丁基拉草對豌豆根系的毒傷,並可促進豌豆植株的生育。至於高濃度的菸渣粉、蝦蟹殼粉及篦麻粕皆會直接傷及豌豆根系的發育。

並列摘要


Yeh, Y. L., and Huang, J. W. 1996. Effect of organic amendments on alleviating phyloloxicity of butachlor to seedlings of garden peas. Planl Palhol. Bull. 5:33-37.(Department of Plan Pathology, Nalional Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.) Among 11 kinds of vegetable seeds used to bioassay the toxicity of butachlor [2-chloro -2' ,6' dielhyl- N-(buloxymelhyl) acetanilide), lelluce seed (Lacruca scariola var. sariva Bisch.) was the most sensitive. The length of lettuce seedlings could be markedly inhibited by butachlor al 1 ppm. Therefore, lettuce seedlings were adopted to rapidly conduct the screening of organic amendments for alleviating phytotoxicity of butachlor to the seedlings of garden peas. Spent golden mushroom compost, spent jew' s ear mushroom compost, spent forest mushroom compost, tobacoo ground, loqual leaf meal and wheat see d mea l were effective in alleviating the toxicity of butachlor to lettuce seedlings. Furthermore, those amendments were added ( 1-5%, w/w) individually to the soils with 50 ppm butachlor for planting garden peas. It was found that spent golden mushroom compost, spent jew' s ear mushroom compost and tobacco ground were significantly (p <0.01) effective in reducing injury to the roots of garden pea seedlings incited by butachlor. Especially, amendment of soil with 5% (w/w) spent golden mushroom compost was able to completely reduce root injury of garden peas by the herbicide and promoted growth of the seedlings. However, soil amended with higher concentration levels (≧2 %, w/w) of tobacco ground, shrimp and crab shell meal or castor seed pomace was directly unfavorable to the growth of garden pea seedlings.

被引用紀錄


張翌萾(2010)。以γ-照射技術自靈芝濾渣製備生理活性物質及其應用〔碩士論文,亞洲大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0118-1511201215464443

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